| 영문 | endocrine gland | 한글 | 내분비샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신체의 내부로 분비가 되어서 다른 세포의 기능이나 활성의 변화를 일으키는 물질인 호르몬을 분비하는 곳을 이르는 말이다. 대표적인 내분비샘은 갑상샘, 부갑상샘, 부신, 이자, 뇌하수체, 난소, 고환, 솔방울샘, 가슴샘 등이다. 마지막에 나오는 2개의 기관은 내분비 기능을 하는 것으로 생각이 되지만 확실히 그것이 무슨 기능을 하는 지에 대해선 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않고 있다.  |
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| 영문 | adrenal gland | 한글 | 부신 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥위에 존재하는 피라밋모양의 구조물. 겉질과 속질로 되어 있으며 호르몬의 분비가 주역할이다.  |
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| 영문 | gland | 한글 | 샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자신의 대상에 필요가 없는 물질을 만들어 분비하는 세포가 모여서 만드는 구조. 즉 분비물을 제조하는 세포가 모인 것이다. 선에는 내분비샘과 외분비샘의 2가지가 있다. 내분비샘이란 몸밖이 아닌 내부, 즉 직접 혈중으로 분비물을 분비하는 샘으로 이 때에 분비되는 물질을 호르몬이라고 한다. 이것은 주로 몸안의 다른 세포에 작용을 하여 그 세포의 대사, 분열 등의 변화를 초래하고 몸의 환경의 변화에 따른 적응을 돕는 역할을 한다. 외분비샘이란 몸밖으로 관구조를 통하여 분비물을 내보내는 샘을 말한다. |
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| 영문 | pineal gland | 한글 | 솔방울샘, 송과선 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌의 중앙선부위의 등쪽에 존재하는 내분비기관이다. 솔방울샘은 melatonin을 분비한다. 동물에서는 성분화발달에 기여하는 것으로 되어 있으나, 사람에서는 그 기능이 아직 명확치 않다. |
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| 영문 | prostate gland | 한글 | 전립샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 남성생식기의 외분비샘의 일종으로, 방광의 목부분과 요도를 둘러싸고 있다. 전립샘은 정액을 만드는 전립샘액을 분비하며 5개의 엽으로 구성되어 있다. |
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| posterior region of neck | The back of neck, including the suboccipital region. Synonym: regio nuchalis, nuchal region, posterior neck region, regio cervicalis posterior. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| posterior triangle of neck | The region of the neck bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the trapezius muscle, and the upper border of the clavicle, including the omoclavicular triangle. Synonym: lateral region of neck, regio cervicalis lateralis, trigonum cervicale posterius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posttraumatic neck syndrome | <syndrome> A clinical complex of pain, tenderness, tight neck musculature, vasomotor instability, and ill-defined symptoms such as dizziness and blurred vision as the result of trauma to the neck. Also variously termed occipital or suboccipital neuralgia or neuritis; cervical tension syndrome; cervical myospasm, myositis, or fibrositis. Synonym: cervical fibrositis, cervical tension syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| potato tumour of neck | A firm nodular mass in the neck, usually a carotid body tumour (chemodectoma). (05 Mar 2000) |
| head and neck neoplasms | Neoplasms of the head and neck. (12 Dec 1998) |
| semispinal muscle of neck | <anatomy> Continuous with musculus semispinalis thoracis; origin, transverse processes of second to fifth thoracic vertebrae; insertion, spinous processes of axis and third to fifth cervical vertebrae; action, extends cervical spine; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves. Synonym: musculus semispinalis cervicis, musculus semispinalis colli, semispinal muscle of neck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spinal muscle of neck | <anatomy> An inconstant or rudimentary muscle; origin, spinous processes of sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae; insertion, spinous processes of axis and third cervical vertebra; action, extends cervical spine; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of cervical. Synonym: musculus spinalis cervicis, musculus spinalis colli, spinal muscle of neck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| splenius muscle of neck | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, from supraspinous ligament and spinous processes of third to fifth thoracic vertebrae; insertion, posterior tubercles of transverse processes of first and second (sometimes third) cervical vertebrae; action, rotates and extends neck; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of fourth to eighth cervical spinal nerves. Synonym: musculus splenius cervicis, musculus splenius colli, splenius muscle of neck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neck | 1. The part of an animal which connects the head and the trunk, and which, in man and many other animals, is more slender than the trunk. 2. Any part of an inanimate object corresponding to or resembling the neck of an animal; as: The long slender part of a vessel, as a retort, or of a fruit, as a gourd. A long narrow tract of land projecting from the main body, or a narrow tract connecting two larger tracts. That part of a violin, guitar, or similar instrument, which extends from the head to the body, and on which is the finger board or fret board. 3. <mechanics> A reduction in size near the end of an object, formed by a groove around it; as, a neck forming the journal of a shaft. 4. <botany> The point where the base of the stem of a plant arises from the root. Neck and crop, completely; wholly; altogether; roughly and at once. <anatomy> Neck and neck, the constriction between the root and the crown. Neck or nothing, at all risks. Neck verse. The verse formerly read to entitle a party to the benefit of clergy, said to be the first verse of the fifty-first Psalm, "Miserere mei," etc. Hence, a verse or saying, the utterance of which decides one's fate; a shibboleth. "These words, "bread and cheese," were their neck verse or shibboleth to distinguish them; all pronouncing "broad and cause," being presently put to death." (Fuller) Neck yoke. A bar by which the end of the tongue of a wagon or carriage is suspended from the collars of the harnesses. A device with projecting arms for carrying things (as buckets of water or sap) suspended from one's shoulders. On the neck of, immediately after; following closely. "Commiting one sin on the neck of another." Stiff neck, obstinacy in evil or wrong; inflexible obstinacy; contumacy. "I know thy rebellion, and thy stiff neck." To break the neck of, to destroy the main force of. "What they presume to borrow from her sage and virtuous rules. Breaks the neck of their own cause." To harden the neck, to grow obstinate; to be more and more perverse and rebellious. To tread on the neck of, to oppress; to tyrannize over. Origin: OE. Necke, AS. Hnecca; akin to D. Nek the nape of the neck, G. Nacken, OHG. Nacch, hnacch, Icel. Hnakki, Sw. Nacke, Dan. Nakke. <mechanics> To reduce the diameter of (an object) near its end, by making a groove around it; used with down; as, to neck down a shaft. Origin: Necked; Necking. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| neck dissection | Surgery to remove lymph nodes and other tissues in the neck. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neck injuries | General or unspecified injuries to the neck. It includes injuries to the skin, muscles, and other soft tissues of the neck. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neck injury | Any injury to the soft tissues or bony structures (cervical spine) of the neck. (27 Sep 1997) |
| neck muscles | The neck muscles consist of the platysma, splenius cervicis, sternocleidomastoid(eus), longus colli, the anterior, medius, and posterior scalenes, digastric(us), stylohyoid(eus), mylohyoid(eus), geniohyoid(eus), sternohyoid(eus), omohyoid(eus), sternothyroid(eus), and thyrohyoid(eus). (12 Dec 1998) |
| neck of femur | A short, constricted, strong bar projecting at an obtuse angle (about 125 |
| neck of fibula | The slightly constricted region between the head and body of the fibula. Synonym: collum fibulae. (05 Mar 2000) |