| 영문 | risk factor | 한글 | 위험인자 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 국제방사선방호위원회(ICRP)가 1977년 권고에서 방사선방호의 목적으로 채택한 지수로, 단위선량(1 Sv)당 확률적 영향의 발생확률을 추정하여 나타낸 것이다. 생식선 선량에 대한 유전적영향의 발생률(4×10－3/Sv)이나 적색골수선량에 대한 백혈병 발생률(2×10－3/Sv)등 외에 뼈, 허파, 갑상샘, 젖샘, 기타 조직의 위험지수를 측정하여, 확률적 영향의 전신에 있어서 치사위험지수의 합계를 16.5×10－3/Sv로 하였다. 그후 ICRP는 1990년 권고에서 대상이 되는 조직과 장기를 추가하고, 수치 개정을 하면서 명칭도 각목적확률지수라고하였다. 이 권고에 의하면, 치사적 확률적 영향의 확률지수의 합계는, 일반인에 있어 60.0×10－3/Sv이다. |
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| SF | Sabin-Feldman [test]; safety factor; salt-free; scarlet fever; screen film; seminal fluid; serosal f... |
|---|---|
| TF | free thyroxine; tactile fremitus; tail flick [reflex]; temperature factor; testicular feminization; ... |
| H0 | null hypothesis |
| H1 | alternative hypothesis |
| LNH | large number hypothesis |
| sliding filament hypothesis | The theory that the contracting muscle shortens because two sets of filaments slide past each other. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Starling's hypothesis | The principle that net filtration through capillary membranes is proportional to the transmembrane hydrostatic pressure difference minus the transmembrane oncotic pressure difference; although well established, it is called Starling's hypothesis to distinguish it from Starling's law of the heart. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Neyman-Pearson statistical hypothesis | A formal conjecture about the numerical value of a parameter to be tested exclusively in the light of an immediate set of data without attention to prior knowledge or convictions and ignoring other sets of evidence treated in a similar fashion. The answer is a statement not about whether the hypothesis is true but whether it is an acceptable explanation of the data or should be rejected in favour of another hypothesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| null hypothesis | The assumption that any observed difference between two samples of a statistical population is purely accidental and not due to systematic causes. (05 Dec 1998) |
| dual recognition hypothesis | An outmoded hypothesis that is known to be incorrect now that the structure of the T-cell receptor is known. The proposal was that viral (and some chemical) antigens were recognised in association with histocompatibility antigens by separate receptors on the T-cell. The generation of cytotoxic T-cells was by association with Class I MHC antigens, of T helper cells by association with Class II MHC antigens. See: altered self hypothesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| insular hypothesis | An obsolete theory of the origin of diabetes mellitus from destruction or loss of function of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endosymbiont hypothesis | The hypothesis that semi autonomous organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts were originally endosymbiotic bacteria or cyanobacteria. The arguments are convincing and although the hypothesis cannot be proven it is widely accepted. (18 Nov 1997) |
| uniform rate hypothesis | <biology> This states that any two evolving organismal lineages diverge from a common ancestor at a constant rate with respect to each other. (09 Oct 1997) |
| unineme hypothesis | <cell biology, molecular biology> This states that that a chromatid has only one DNA duplex, which goes from one end of the chromatid to the other. (09 Oct 1997) |
| zwitter hypothesis | That an amphoteric molecule (e.g., an amino acid) has, at its isoelectric point, equal numbers of positive and negative charges, thus becoming a zwitterion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| frustration-aggression hypothesis | The theory that frustration may lead to aggression, but that aggression is always the result of some form of frustration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Lyon hypothesis | <genetics> Hypothesis, first advanced by Lyon, concerning the random inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes of the cells of female mammals. In consequence females are chimaeric for the products of the X chromosomes, a situation that has been exploited in female Negroes (who are heterotypic for isozymes of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase) as a means to confirm the monoclonal origin of papillomas and of atherosclerotic plaques. (20 Mar 1998) |
| abortion, multiple | Couples who have had 2 or more miscarriages (spontaneous abortions) have about a 5% chance that one member of the couple is carrying a chromsome translocation responsible for the miscarriages. (12 Dec 1998) |
| advanced multiple-beam equalization radiography | A variant of scanning equalization radiography using several X-ray beams. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amyloidosis of multiple myeloma | Foci of amyloidosis in mesenchymal tissues of some persons with multiple myeloma; no direct relation between amyloid and Bence Jones protein is conclusively known. (05 Mar 2000) |