| 영문 | severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) | 한글 | 중증급성호흡증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 중국 광동 지역에서 가장 먼저 발생한 전염성호흡기병으로 세계보건기구(WHO)에서 ‘중증급성호흡증후군(SARS)'으로 명명했다. 섭씨 38도 이상의 고열과 기침, 호흡곤란, 저산소증, X선상의 폐렴증상 중 하나 이상의 증상이 나타나며, 두통, 근육통, 식욕부진, 피로감, 발진, 설사를 동반할 수 있다. 초기 증상은 감기와 비슷하지만 폐렴으로 발전하면 치명적일 수 있다. 현재 밝혀진 감염경로는 환자가 재채기나 기침할 때 내뿜는 침방울이고, 이것이 다른 사람의 호흡기로 들어갈 때 전염된다. 침방울이 전달되는 거리는 보통 1m로 보고 있다. 공기를 통해 전염이 가능하다는 주장이 제기됐지만 아직 확인되지 않았다. 원인균은 변종 코로나바이러스로 밝혀졌다. |
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| 영문 | respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) | 한글 | 호흡곤란증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 폐포와 폐모세혈관 사이에 부종으로 인한 확산능 감소로 호흡곤란과 청색증을 보이는 상태로 감염, 수술, 외상 등 모든 종류의 스트레스상황에서 발생할 수 있다. 치료는 선행 요인의 교정과 적절한 혈액내 산소농도 유지이다. |
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| MCT | manual cervical traction; mean cell thickness; mean cell threshold; mean circulation time; mean corp... |
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| ACC | accommodation; acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase; acinic cell carcinoma; acute care center; adenoid cyst... |
| MTC | mass transfer coefficient; maximum tolerated concentration; maximum toxic concentration; medical tes... |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome; adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| CRD | carbohydrate-recognition domain; chronic renal disease; chronic respiratory disease; child restraint... |
| medullary cystic kidney disease | <radiology> Mode of inheritance uncertain, usually affects young adults (early 20s), associated with red or blond hair (!!), causes salt wasting, polyuria, azotaemia, affects both kidneys, with progressive disease patients need dialysis or transplant (12 Dec 1998) |
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| medullary folds | Synonym: neural folds. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary groove | The gutter-like groove formed in the midline of the embryo's dorsal surface by the progressive elevation of the lateral margins of the neural plate; the ultimate dorsal fusion of the margins results in the formation of the neural tube. Synonym: medullary groove. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary laminae of thalamus | Layers of myelinated fibres that appear on transverse sections of the thalamus; the lamina medullaris externa marks the ventral and lateral borders of the thalamus and delimits it from the subthalamus and reticular nucleus of thalamus; the lamina medullaris interna is interposed between the mediodorsal and ventral nuclei of the thalamus and encloses the intralaminar nuclei (centromedian, paracentral, and central lateral nuclei). Synonym: laminae medullares thalami, medullary layers of thalamus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary layers of thalamus | Layers of myelinated fibres that appear on transverse sections of the thalamus; the lamina medullaris externa marks the ventral and lateral borders of the thalamus and delimits it from the subthalamus and reticular nucleus of thalamus; the lamina medullaris interna is interposed between the mediodorsal and ventral nuclei of the thalamus and encloses the intralaminar nuclei (centromedian, paracentral, and central lateral nuclei). Synonym: laminae medullares thalami, medullary layers of thalamus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary membrane | <anatomy> The layer of vascular connective tissue lining the medullary cavities of bone. Origin: NL, fr. Gr. + a bone. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| medullary nephrocalcinosis | <radiology> Primary hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis more than 70%, medullary sponge kidney, hypercalcaemia, hypercalcuria, sarcoidosis, bony metastases, Paget's disease, hypervitaminosis D, milk-alkali syndrome, Williams syndrome (in kids), idiopathic, oxalosis (with or without completely opaque kidneys; younger age) see also: renal calcification (12 Dec 1998) |
| medullary plate | <embryology> A region of embryonic ectodermal cells, called neuroectoderm, that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape, so as to produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube. (04 Jul 1999) |
| medullary pyramid | One of a number of pyramidal masses seen on longitudinal section of the kidney; collectively, they constitute the renal medulla, and contain part of the secreting tubules and the collecting tubules. Synonym: pyramis renalis, malpighian pyramid, medullary pyramid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary ray | The centre of the renal lobule, which has the shape of a small, steep pyramid, consisting of straight tubular parts; these may be either ascending or descending limbs of the nephronic loop or collecting tubules. Synonym: pars radiata lobuli corticalis renis, Ferrein's pyramid, processus ferreini. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary sarcoma | <tumour> A soft, extremely vascular sarcoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary sheath | <anatomy, neurology> An insulating layer surrounding vertebrate peripheral neurons, that dramatically increases the speed of conduction. It is formed by specialised Schwann cells, that can wrap around neurons up to 50 times. The exposed areas are called nodes of Ranvier: they contain very high densities of sodium channels and action potentials jump from one node to the next, without involving the intermediate axon, a process known as saltatory conduction. (18 Nov 1997) |
| medullary space | The central cavity and the cellular intervals between the trabeculae of bone, filled with marrow. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary spinal arteries | A large caliber spinal or radicular artery which courses centrally along a dorsal or ventral root, perhaps supplying it and the surrounding meninges in the fashion of any spinal/radicular artery, but which continues on to reach and anastomose with the anterior or posterior (longitudinal) spinal artery. Only 4-9 of the spinal arteries are medullary spinal arteries, found mainly in the lower cervical, lower thoracic and upper lumbar levels, the largest of which is the great radicular artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medullary sponge kidney | <radiology> Renal tubular ectasia, dilatation and cyst formation of collecting tubules in renal pyramids, Calcium most likely to be medullary nephrocalcinosis, not hereditary; males (2:1), usually bilateral associated with, renal tubular acidosis (RTA), Caroli disease, parathyroid adenoma, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, ipsilateral hemihypertrophy (12 Dec 1998) |