| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
|---|---|
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| PM | after death (Lat. post mortem); after noon [Lat. post meridiem]; mean pressure; pacemaker; pantomogr... |
| AFO | Ankle Foot Orthosis |
| bird's-foot | <botany> A papilionaceous plant, the Ornithopus, having a curved, cylindrical pod tipped with a short, clawlike point. Bird's-foot trefoil. <botany> A genus of plants (Lotus) with clawlike pods. L. Corniculatas, with yellow flowers, is very common in Great Britain. The related plant, Trigonella ornithopodioides, is also European. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| burning foot syndrome | <syndrome> A disorder observed in prisoners-of-war in World War II, now believed to be due to a pantothenate deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| buttress foot | A condition of the horse's foot in which there is exostosis of the extensor process of the third phalanx, with swelling and chronic inflammation at the coronary band on the anterior surface of the foot. Synonym: pyramidal disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Madura foot | 1. A chronic infection involving the feet and characterised by the formation of localised lesions with tumefactions and multiple draining sinuses. The exudate contains granules that may be yellow, white, red, brown, or black, depending upon the causative agent. Mycetoma is caused by two principal groups of microorganisms: A. Actinomycotic mycetoma is caused by actinomycetes, including species of Streptomyces, Actinomadurae, and Nocardia. B. Eumycotic mycetoma is caused by true fungi, including species of Madurella, Exophiala, Pseudallescheria, Curvularia, Neotestudina, Pyrenochaeta, Aspergillus, Leptosphaeria, Plemodomus, Polycytella, Fusarium, Phialophora, Corynespora, Cylindrocarpon, Pseudochaetosphaeronema, Bipolaris, and Acremonium. Synonym: fungous foot, Madura boil, Madura foot, maduromycosis. 2. Any tumour with draining sinuses produced by filamentous fungi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reel foot | Archaic term for clubfoot. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial border of foot | The inner border of the foot extending from heel to the great toe. Synonym: margo medialis pedis, margo tibialis pedis, tibial border of foot. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial longitudinal arch of foot | Formed by the calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cuneiform bones, and the three medial metatarsals. Synonym: arcus pedis longitudinalis pars medialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial part of longitudinal arch of foot | medial part of longitudinal arch of foot |
| perforating arteries of foot | The perforating branches of the plantar metatarsal arteries, three small arteries that pass dorsally through the second, third, and fourth interosseous spaces of the foot from the plantar metatarsal arteries. Synonym: ramus perforantes arteriarum metatarsearum plantarium, perforating arteries of foot. (05 Mar 2000) |
| perforating ulcer of foot | A round, deep, trophic ulcer of the sole of the foot, following disease or injury, in any part of its course from the centre to the periphery of the nerve supplying the part. Synonym: mal perforant. (05 Mar 2000) |
| charcot's foot | A foot disease associated with diabetic neuropathy that results in destruction of joints and soft tissue. (09 Oct 1997) |
| ringworm of foot | Tinea involving the feet, particularly the interdigital spaces and soles, most often caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. Mentagrophytes or Epidermophyton floccosum and characterised by intensely pruritic lesions varying from mild, chronic and scaling to acute exfoliative, pustular and bullous. (18 Nov 1997) |
| root of foot | Origin: NL, fr. Gr. The flat of the foot, the edge of the eyelid. Cf. 2d Tarse. 1. <anatomy> The ankle; the bones or cartilages of the part of the foot between the metatarsus and the leg, consisting in man of seven short bones. A plate of dense connective tissue or cartilage in the eyelid of man and many animals. Synonym: tarsal cartilage, and tarsal plate. 2. <zoology> The foot of an insect or a crustacean. It usually consists of form two to five joints. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Morand's foot | A foot having eight toes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| white-foot | <veterinary> A white mark on the foot of a horse, between the fetlock and the coffin. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |