| 영문 | sympathetic nervous system | 한글 | 교감신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자율신경계의 일종으로 내장기능을 주로 항진시켜 활동을 증가시키는 기능을 가진다. 자율신경계의 다른 계열인 부교감신경계는 반대로 내장기능을 억제시켜 에너지를 비축하는 기능을 가진다. 자율신경계의 해부학적 특성은 신경이 중추신경계에서 나와 목표장기에 도달하기 전에 한번의 시냅스(synapse)를 이룬다는 점이며, 따라서 자율신경계는 두 개의 신경(시냅스를 이루기 전의 절전신경과 이룬 후의 절후신경)으로 구성된다. 자율신경계중 교감신경계는 중추신경계 즉 척수 부근의 교감신경절(sympathetic ganglion)에서 시냅스가 일어나고, 부교감 신경계는 중추신경계에서 멀리 떨어진 목표 장기부근의 신경절(ganglion)에서 시냅스가 일어나는 점이 다르다. |
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| 영문 | musculoskeletal System | 한글 | 근골격계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육과 이들 근육이 붙어서 같이 활동을 수행하는 골격(뼈를 통털어 말함)을 함께 부르는 말. 따라서 여기의 근육은 모두 가로무늬근에 속하며, 수의적으로 움직일 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | muscular system | 한글 | 근육계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육에 의해 이루어진 하나의 계통을 임의적으로 나누어 부른 말. |
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| 영문 | lymphatic system | 한글 | 림프계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 맥관계라고 하면, 혈관계와 림프관계를 합쳐서 말한다. 이중에 림프에 의해 이루어지는 하나의 계통이다. |
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| LAS | laboratory automation system; lateral amyotrophic sclerosis; laxative abuse syndrome; left anterior-... |
|---|---|
| HHA | health hazard appraisal; hereditary hemolytic anemia; home health agency; home health aid; hypothala... |
| HPA | Health Care Practice Act; Health Policy Agenda for the American People; health promotion advocates; ... |
| IHS | idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome; inactivated horse serum; Indian Health Service; integrated he... |
| LHC | Langerhans cell histiocytosis; left heart catheterization; left hypochondrium; light-harvesting comp... |
| local death | Death of a part of the body or of a tissue by necrosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| local epilepsy | Epilepsy of various aetiologies characterised by focal seizures or secondarily generalised tonic-clonic seizures. Ictal symptoms are often related to the brain region where the seizure begins focally. Synonym: cortical epilepsy, local epilepsy, partial epilepsy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local excitatory state | Increased irritability of a nerve fibre or muscle fibre which is produced by an ineffective electrical stimulus; summation of the stimuli may occur, resulting in a propagated impulse if two or more subliminal stimuli are applied in rapid succession. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local flap | A flap transferred to an adjacent area. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local glomerulonephritis | Glomerulonephritis affecting only part of a glomerulus or glomeruli. Synonym: local glomerulonephritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local hormone | A metabolic product secreted by one set of cells that affects the function of nearby cells; an autacoid; e.g., prostaglandins and neurotransmitters. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local immunity | A natural or acquired immunity to certain infectious agents, as manifested by an organ or a tissue, as a whole or in part. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local nerve block | Infiltration of a local anesthetic around a peripheral nerve so as to produce anesthesia in the area supplied by the nerve. (16 Dec 1997) |
| local reaction | A reaction which occurs at the point of entrance of an infecting organism or of an injection, as in the Arthus phenomenon. Synonym: local reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local sign | <clinical sign> The characteristic of a sensation that permits distinguishing it from another sensation by locating its position in space. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local stimulant | A stimulant whose action is confined to the part to which it is applied. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local symptom | A symptom of limited extent, caused by disease of a particular organ or part. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local syncope | Limited numbness in a part, especially of the fingers; one of the symptoms, usually associated with local asphyxia, of Raynaud's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local tetanus | The most benign type of tetanus; the muscles in close proximity to an infected wound develop persistent involuntary contractions, often with transient, intense superimposed spasms triggered by various stimuli. The more distal upper extremity muscles are most often affected; gradual but complete recovery is typical. (05 Mar 2000) |
| local therapy | Treatment that affects cells in the tumour and the area close to it. (16 Dec 1997) |