| intermediate density lipoprotein | Class of lipoproteins formed in degradation of very-low-density lipoproteins; about half are cleared quickly from the plasma into the liver by receptor-mediated endocytosis; the other half are degraded into low density lipoproteins. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| lipoprotein | <biochemistry> An important class of serum proteins in which a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesterol esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Classified according to density: chylomicrons, large low density particles, very low density, low density and high density species. Important in lipid transport, especially cholesterol transport in the blood stream. Abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism have been implicated in certain heart diseases. (13 Nov 1997) |
| lipoprotein(a) | A family of lipoprotein particles varying in density and size depending on the protein-lipid ratio and the protein composition. These particles consist of apolipoprotein b-100 covalently linked to apolipoprotein-a by one or two disulfide bonds. There is a correlation between high plasma levels of this lipoprotein and increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lipoprotein(a) hyperlipoproteinaemia | Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) in the serum; associated with an increased risk of coronary disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor | Formerly known as anticonvertin; a protein that inhibits the extrinsic pathway of coagulation by binding to the tissue factor III-factor VII-Calcium-factor Xa complex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein electrophoresis | Electrophoretic separation of plasma lipoproteins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein Lp(a) | A lipoprotein composed of an LDL particle combined with an additional protein, Lp(a) specific protein; elevated levels have been identified as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein polymorphism | Heritable variations in low density beta-lipoproteins; the variant lipoproteins exhibit different antigenic and chemical properties when compared with normal lipoproteins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein-x | An abnormal lipoprotein which is present in large amounts in individuals suffering from obstructive liver diseases. It exists as a bilayer vesicle of equimolar phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol containing small amounts of plasma proteins (mainly albumin) in its internal aqueous compartment together with some apolipoproteins adsorbed on its surface. Separates with ldl by ultracentrifugation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| low density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> A lipoprotein substances (combination of a fat and a protein) which acts as a carrier for cholesterol and fats in the bloodstream. High levels of low density lipoprotein are considered a positive risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease. Less than 130 mg/dl is desirable, 130 to 159 mg/dl is borderline high, over 160 is considered high. Acronym: LDL (10 Jan 1998) |
| low density lipoprotein receptor | <biochemistry> A cell surface protein that mediates the endocytosis of low density lipoprotein by cells. Genetic defects in low density lipoprotein receptors lead to abnormal serum levels of low density lipoprotein and hypercholesterolaemia. (16 Mar 1998) |
| low-density lipoprotein receptors | Receptors on the surface of cells, especially liver cells, which bind to low density lipoprotein and promote clearance of LDL from the plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome | <syndrome> Congenital absence (partial or complete) of abdominal muscles, in which the outline of the intestines is visible through the protruding abdominal wall; in males, genitourinary anomalies (urinary tract dilation and cryptorchidism) are also found; genetics unclear. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adult lactase deficiency | Onset of lactase deficiency, with resulting milk intolerance and malabsorption, in adulthood. Inherited forms may not be manifested until adulthood; any process that damages the intestinal lining cells can cause lactase deficiency in adults. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency | <chest medicine> Deficiency of the protease inhibitor alpha-1 antitrypsin, leads primarily to degradation of elastin of the alveolar walls, as well as other structural proteins of a variety of tissues. The lack of this protein leads to damage of various organs, but mainly to the lung and liver. symptoms may become apparent at a very early age or in adulthood, manifesting either as shortness of breath or liver related symptoms (jaundice, fatigue, fluid in the abdomen, mental changes, or gastrointestinal bleeding). There are several options for treatment of the lung disease, including replacement of the missing protein. Treatment of the liver disease is a well-timed liver transplant (12 Dec 1998) |