| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| ASM | acid sphingomyelinase; airway smooth muscle; American Society for Microbiology; anterior scalenus mu... |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| musculus levator palpebrae superioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, orbital surface of the lesser wing of the sphenoid, above and anterior to the optic canal; insertion, skin of eyelid, tarsal plate, and orbital walls, by medial and lateral expansions of the aponeurosis of insertion; action, raises the upper eyelid; nerve supply, oculomotor. Synonym: musculus levator palpebrae superioris, elevator muscle of upper eyelid, musculus orbitopalpebralis, palpebralis. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| levator palpebrae superioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, orbital surface of the lesser wing of the sphenoid, above and anterior to the optic canal; insertion, skin of eyelid, tarsal plate, and orbital walls, by medial and lateral expansions of the aponeurosis of insertion; action, raises the upper eyelid; nerve supply, oculomotor. Synonym: musculus levator palpebrae superioris, elevator muscle of upper eyelid, musculus orbitopalpebralis, palpebralis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tendinous arch of levator ani muscle | <anatomy> A thickened portion of the obturator fascia that extends in an arching line from the pubis posteriorly to the ischial spine and gives origin to part of the levator ani muscle. Synonym: arcus tendineus musculi levatoris ani, arcus tendineus of obturator fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| levator ani muscle | <anatomy> Formed by pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus muscles; origin, posterior body of pubis, tendinous arch of the levator ani, and spine of ischium; insertion, anococcygeal ligament, sides of the lower part of the sacrum and of coccyx; action, resists prolapsing forces and draws the anus upward following defecation; supports the pelvic viscera; nerve supply, nerve to levator ani (fourth sacral spinal nerve). Synonym: musculus levator ani, elevator muscle of anus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| levator muscle of thyroid gland | A fasciculus occasionally passing from the thyrohyoid muscle to the isthmus of the thyroid gland. Synonym: musculus levator glandulae thyroideae, elevator muscle of thyroid gland, Soemmerring's muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| levator palati muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, apex of petrous portion of temporal bone and lower part of cartilaginous auditory (eustachian) tube; insertion, aponeurosis of soft palate; action, raises soft palate; through the expansion of its fleshy belly during contraction, it helps to "push" open the auditory tube; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus levator veli palatini, elevator muscle of soft palate, levator palati muscle, musculus levator palati, musculus petrostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| levator prostatae muscle | <anatomy> In the male, the most medial fibres of the levator ani (pubococcygeus) muscle that extend from the pubis into the fascia of the prostate. Synonym: musculus levator prostatae, elevator muscle of prostate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus depressor labii inferioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior portion of lower border of mandible; insertion, orbicularis oris musculus and skin of lower lip; action, depresses lower lip; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus depressor labii inferioris, depressor muscle of lower lip, musculus quadratus labii inferioris, musculus quadratus menti. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus incisivus labii inferioris | Inferior incisive bundle of origin of orbicularis oris musculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus quadratus labii inferioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior portion of lower border of mandible; insertion, orbicularis oris musculus and skin of lower lip; action, depresses lower lip; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus depressor labii inferioris, depressor muscle of lower lip, musculus quadratus labii inferioris, musculus quadratus menti. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus triangularis labii inferioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lower border of mandible anteriorly; insertion, blends with other muscles in lower lip near angle of mouth; action, pulls down corners of mouth; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus depressor anguli oris, musculus triangularis labii inferioris, musculus triangularis, triangular muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| depressor labii inferioris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior portion of lower border of mandible; insertion, orbicularis oris musculus and skin of lower lip; action, depresses lower lip; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus depressor labii inferioris, depressor muscle of lower lip, musculus quadratus labii inferioris, musculus quadratus menti. (05 Mar 2000) |
| frenulum labii inferioris | frenulum of lower lip |
| musculus levator anguli oris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, canine fossa of maxilla; insertion, orbicularis oris and skin at angle of mouth; action, raises angle of mouth; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus levator anguli oris, musculus caninus, musculus triangularis labii superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus levator anguli scapulae | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, from posterior tubercles of transverse processes of four upper cervical vertebrae; insertion, into superior angle of scapula; action, raises the scapula; nerve supply, dorsal scapular nerve. Synonym: musculus levator scapulae, elevator muscle of scapula, musculus levator anguli scapulae. (05 Mar 2000) |