| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
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| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| GC | ganglion cell; gas chromatography; general circulation; general closure; general condition; generali... |
|---|---|
| HSM Syndrome | juvenile-familial Endocrinopathy Hypoparathyroidism Addison's Disease Menillansis |
| LCP Disease | Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ? Stages of LCP Disease(= Juvenile Idiopathic AVN) &nb... |
| DJOA | dominant juvenile optic atrophy |
| FJN | familial juvenile nephrophthisis |
| juvenile chronic arthritis | juvenile arthritis |
|---|---|
| juvenile chronic arthritis, systemic-onset | See: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic-onset (still's disease). (12 Dec 1998) |
| juvenile cirrhosis | <pathology> This is a form of continuing liver inflammation that results in liver cell death. Causes include viral infection (hepatitis D, hepatitis B, hepatitis C), autoimmune disease, drug ingestion or metabolic causes. Chronic active hepatitis will lead to hepatic failure and death in a small percentage of these patients. (27 Sep 1997) |
| juvenile delinquency | The antisocial acts of children or persons under age which are illegal or lawfully interpreted as constituting delinquency. (12 Dec 1998) |
| juvenile delinquent | A minor who cannot be controlled by parental authority and commits antisocial or criminal acts, such as vandalism, violence, or robbery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juvenile diabetes | <endocrinology> A severe metabolic disorder which has an abrupt onset before the age of twenty. In it, an insulin deficiency prevents the body from using carbohydrates properly and forces it to rely mainly on protein metabolism. Treatment of the disease includes strict dietary regulation and mandatory insulin injections. (09 Oct 1997) |
| juvenile elastoma | <dermatology> A connective tissue nevus characterised by an increase in the number and size of the elastic fibres. See: osteodermatopoikilosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juvenile epithelial corneal dystrophy | Epithelial dystrophy characterised by progressive cysts and opacities of the corneal epithelium, with onset in infancy. Inheritance: autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Synonym: Meesman dystrophy. (22 Sep 2002) |
| juvenile haemangiofibroma | <oncology, tumour> A benign tumour of the posterior nasopharynx that is most common in adolescent boys. Symptoms repeated epistaxis, nasal congestion, nasal discharge and hearing loss. A skull X-ray or a CT scan of the head can confirm the presence of an angiofibroma. Treatment may include the surgical removal of the lesion if it is enlarging or blocking the airway. (27 Sep 1997) |
| juvenile hormone | <endocrinology> A hormone found in insects which affects the balance between mature and juvenile attributes of certain tissues at each moult. In particular, the imaginal discs of many larval insects only develop into adult wings, sexual organs or limbs when blood juvenile hormone levels fall below a threshold level. There is a complex interaction between juvenile hormone and ecdysone. Synthetic analogues of JH include farnesol and methoprene, which have been tested for insecticide potential (known, with diflubenzuron, as Insect Growth Regulators, IGRs. See: chitin). (18 Nov 1997) |
| juvenile hormone esterase | <enzyme> Amino acid sequence has been determined Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- Synonym: jh esterase, insect jhe (26 Jun 1999) |
| juvenile hormones | Compounds, either natural or synthetic, which block development of the growing insect. (12 Dec 1998) |
| juvenile hyalin fibromatosis | A rare recessively inherited deforming disorder of head, neck, and generalised cutaneous nodules or tumours in children with normal mentality; the lesions consist of fibroblasts separated by an eosinophilic hyalin stroma composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans. Synonym: systemic hyalinosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juvenile kyphosis | Osteochondrosis of the vertebral epiphyses in children. (12 Dec 1998) |
| juvenile muscular atrophy | Slowly progressive proximal muscular weakness and wasting, beginning in childhood, caused by degeneration of motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord; onset usually between 2 and 17 years of age; usually autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: juvenile muscular atrophy, Kugelberg-Welander disease, Wohlfart-Kugelberg-Welander disease. (05 Mar 2000) |