| JCRT | Joint Center for Radiation Therapy |
|---|---|
| JCAH | Joint Commision of Accreditation of Hospitals |
| JCAHO | Joint Commission of Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations |
| JCAHO | Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health Care Organizations |
| JECFA | Joint FAO-WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives |
| galeazzi fracture | <radiology> Fracture of the radius at the junction of the middle and distal thirds, with associated subluxation of the distal ulna see: forearm fractures (12 Dec 1998) |
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| Galeazzi's fracture | <orthopaedics> A fracture of the forearm characterised by fracture of the shaft of the radius with dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint. (27 Sep 1997) |
| maisonneuve fracture | <radiology> Components: fracture of the proximal third of the fibula, rupture of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis associated with: fracture of the tibia, rupture of the deltoid ligament caused by an abduction and external rotation force applied to the ankle which forces the talus laterally against the fibula (12 Dec 1998) |
| malgaigne fracture | <radiology> Two vertical fractures involving one side of the pelvic ring, one fracture anterior to the acetabulum, usually through the pubic ramus, one fracture posterior to the acetabulum, usually through the ilium, separation of the SI joint may occur instead usually the result of direct trauma (12 Dec 1998) |
| march fracture | <radiology> Stress or fatigue fracture of the metatarsals, seen in military recruits (associated with marching) (12 Dec 1998) |
| parry fracture | Rarely used synonym for Monteggia's fracture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pathologic fracture | A fracture occurring at a site weakened by preexisting disease, especially neoplasm or necrosis, of the bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| membrane fracture | Method of specimen preparation for the electron microscope in which rapidly frozen tissue is cracked so as to produce a fracture plane through the specimen. The surface of the fracture plane is then shadowed by heavy metal vapour, strengthened by a carbon film and the underlying specimen is digested away, leaving a replica that can be picked up on a grid and examined in the transmission electron microscope. The great advantage of the method is that the fracture plane tends to pass along the centre of lipid bilayers and it is therefore possible to get en face views of membranes that reveal the pattern of Integral membrane proteins. The E face is the outer lamella of the plasma membrane viewed as if from within the cell, the P face the inner lamella viewed from outside the cell. Fracture planes also often pass along lines of weakness such as the interface between cytoplasm and membrane, so that outer and inner membrane surfaces can be viewed. Further information about the structure can be revealed by freeze etching. Extremely rapid freezing followed by deep etching has allowed the structure of the cytoplasm to be studied without the artefacts that might be introduced by fixation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chance fracture | <radiology> Horizontal fracture through vertebra (body, pedicles, laminae), sudden deceleration with lap-only seatbelt, usually L1 or L2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| Gosselin's fracture | V-shaped fracture of distal end of tibia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chauffer's fracture | A fracture of the wrist that is characterised by an oblique fracture of the radial styloid. (27 Sep 1997) |
| chauffeur's fracture | <radiology> Radial styloid fracture due to direct blow, (so named because of trauma from hand-cranked starters) see: wrist fractures (12 Dec 1998) |
| chisel fracture | <radiology> Incomplete fracture of radial head (intra-articular) due to fall on outstretched hand (12 Dec 1998) |
| greenstick fracture | The bending of a bone with incomplete fracture involving the convex side of the curve only. (05 Mar 2000) |
| growing fracture | Linear skull fracture in a young child which increases in size, usually as the result of an associated dural tear and arachnoid cyst formation within the fracture line. (05 Mar 2000) |