| AIU | absolute iodine uptake; antigen-inducing unit |
|---|---|
| BEI | back-scattered electron imaging; biological exposure indexes; butanol-extractable iodine |
| BII | beat inclusion index; Billroth II [operation]; butanol-insoluble iodine |
| FIDD | fetal iodine deficiency disorder |
| I-131 | iodine-131 |
| iodine-123 | <radiobiology> A radioisotope of iodine with a 159 keV gamma emission and a physical half-life of 13.2 hr, frequently used for studies of thyroid disease and of renal function. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| iodine-125 | <radiobiology> Radioactive iodine isotope that decays by K-capture (internal conversion) with a half-life of 59.4 days; used as a tracer in thyroid studies and as a label in immunoassay and in imaging. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine-127 | <radiobiology> Stable, nonradioactive iodine, the most abundant iodide isotope found in nature; dietary deficiency causes simple goiter; used to block thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine released from nuclear accidents. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine-131 | <radiobiology> A radioactive iodine isotope, 364 keV peak beta and gamma emitter with a half-life of 8 days. It is used as a tracer in thyroid studies, as therapy in hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, and heart disease, and as a label in immunoassay and imaging. (22 Sep 2002) |
| iodine-132 | <radiobiology> A beta-and gamma-emitting radioisotope of iodine with a physical half-life of 2.28 hr, usually obtained from a tellurium-132 radionuclide generator; its clinical use has been supplanted by 131I and 123I. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine compounds | Inorganic compounds that contain iodine as an integral part of the molecule. (12 Dec 1998) |
| iodine cysts | An obsolete term used to indicate the cyst's of Iodamoeba butschlii, characterised by a large iodine-positive glycogen vacuole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine deficiency | Iodine is a natural requirement of our diets. Iodine deficiency can lead to inadequate production of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). For example, in some parts of zaire, ecuador, india, and chile, remote, mountainous areas, such as in the alps (in the past), andes and the himalayas have a particular predisposition to severe iodine deficiency, goiter, and hypothyroidism. Since the addition of iodine to table salt, iodine deficiency is rarely seen in the united states. (12 Dec 1998) |
| iodine excess | Just as too little iodine can cause thyroid disease, so may prolonged intake of too much iodine also lead to the development of goiter (swelling of the thyroid gland) and hypothyroidism (abnormally low thyroid activity). Certain foods and medications contain large amounts of iodine. Examples include seaweed; iodine-rich expectorants (such as sski and lugol's solution) used in the treatment of cough, asthma, chronic pulmonary disease; and amiodarone (cardorone), an iodine-rich medication used in the control of abnormal heart rhythms (cardiac arrhythmias). (12 Dec 1998) |
| iodine-fast | Denoting hyperthyroidism unresponsive to iodine therapy, which develops frequently in most cases so treated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine-induced hyperthyroidism | <endocrinology> Induction of thyrotoxicosis in a previously euthyroid individual as a result of exposure to large quantities of iodine. It occurs most often in areas of endemic iodine-deficient goiter and in patients with multinodular goiter. It can also can develop following use of iodine-containing agents for diagnostic studies. Synonym: iodine-induced hyperthyroidism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine isotopes | Stable iodine atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iodine, but differ in atomic weight. I-127 is the only naturally occurring stable iodine isotope. (12 Dec 1998) |
| iodine radioisotopes | Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| iodine reaction of epinephrine | A reaction resulting from the oxidation of the hormone, a faint pink colour appearing upon the addition of iodine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine stain | <technique> A stain to detect amyloid, cellulose, chitin, starch, carotenes, and glycogen, and to stain amoebas by virtue of their glycogen; faeces and other wet preparations are stained directly with Lugol's iodine solution; smears are treated with Schaudinn's fixative and then stained with alcoholic iodine, followed by Heidenhain's iron haematoxylin. (05 Mar 2000) |