| 영문 | antianginal drug | 한글 | 항협심증제 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 협심증은 심장동맥의 혈류를 좋게하거나 심장이 혈류에 비해서 많은 일을 하는 것을 억제함으로써 치료될 수 있다. ① nitrate계통의 약물: 혈관을 이완시키는 작용을 함으로써 심장동맥의 혈류를 좋게 한다. ② 칼슘통로차단제(verapamil, nifedipine): 모든 근육의 수축에는 Ca이 관여한다. 즉 Ca이 있어야만 근육의 수축이 가능해진다. 그러므로 Ca이 세포속으로 들어가는 것을 억제하는 약제는 근육의 수축을 막는다. 이 약은 심장의 근육에 작용하여 심장 근육의 수축을 억제하며 심장이 과도하게 일하는 것을 막고, 또 심장동맥의 수축에 관여하는 근육에 작용을 하여 심장동맥을 이완시켜서 혈류를 좋게 한다. ③ 베타차단제(beta-blocker): 신체의 운동량이나 기타의 요구에 의해서 심장을 빨리 뛰게하는 신경은 바로 베타-교감신경이다. 교감신경계란 사람이 위급한 상황에서 작용하는 자율신경계이다. 즉 사람이 긴장하거나 싸울 경우에 전형적으로 교감신경계가 작용한다. 즉 심장이 뛰거나 소화가 않되거나 동공이 커지는 것 따위가 바로 교감신경계의 역할이라고 할 수 있다. 이 교감신경계에서 말초장기에 보내는 신경이 교감신경이다. 그러므로 심장에서 심장을 신체에 필요에 따라서 많은 일을 하게하는 신경을 차단할 경우에는 협심증을 치료할 수 있게 된다(심장의 산소나 기타 영양분의 수요를 줄인다). |
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| DA | dark adaptation; dark agouti [rat]; daunomycin; degenerative arthritis; delayed action; Dental Assis... |
|---|---|
| CER | capital expenditure review; ceramide; conditioned emotional response; control electrical rhythm; cor... |
| CR | calculation rate; calculus removed; calorie-restricted; cardiac rehabilitation; cardiac resuscitatio... |
| IR | drop of voltage across a resistor produced by a current; ileal resection; immune response; immunizat... |
| MLR | mean length response; middle latency response; mixed lymphocyte reaction |
| relaxation response | An integrated hypothalamic reaction resulting in decreased sympathetic nervous system activity which, physiologically and psychologically, is almost a mirror image of the body's response's to Cannon's emergency theory (flight or fight response); can be self-induced through the use of techniques associated with transcendental meditation, yoga, and biofeedback. See: emergency theory. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| response | An action or movement due to the application of a stimulus. Origin: L. Respondere = to answer, reply (18 Nov 1997) |
| response generalisation | <biology> The principle that after an organism learns to respond in a particular manner to a stimulus, that stimulus is effective in eliciting similar responses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| response hierarchy | Alternative reactions or modes of adjustment to a given situation arranged in the probable order of prior effectiveness; e.g., a mother attempting to discipline an unruly child may first request, cajole, then plead, scold, and finally punish; her behaviours can be ordered along a response hierarchy for further monitoring of effectiveness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| response rate | <oncology> The percentage of patients showing partial or complete response to the given treatment. (16 Dec 1997) |
| graft-versus-host response | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| complete response | <oncology> The disappearance of all clinical evidence of disease. Unfortunately, this does not necessarily mean cure, as microscopic metastases may remain undetected, are likely to regrow and become resistant to treatment. May also be used in relation to a pathological specimen, where no residual abnormality can be detected in the specimen, in which cas it is referred to as a pathological complete reponse. Acronym: CR (16 Mar 1998) |
| concentration-response curve | <pharmacology> This is a graph produced to show the relation between the exposure concentration of a drug (or other chemical) and the degree of response it produces, as measured by the percentage of the exposed population showing a defined, often quantal, effect. (05 Jan 1998) |
| conditioned response | A response already in an individual's repertoire but which, through repeated pairings with its natural stimulus, has been acquired or conditioned anew to a previously neutral or conditioned stimulus. See: conditioning. Compare: unconditioned response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cushing response | A rise in systemic blood pressure when the intracranial pressure acutely increases, usually in excess of 50% of the systolic arterial pressure. Synonym: Cushing effect, Cushing response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary antibody response | <immunology> Antibodies made upon first exposure to an antigen, mostly of the class IgM. (05 Mar 1998) |
| primary immune response | <immunology> The immune response to the first challenge by a particular antigen. Usually less extensive than the secondary immune response, being slower and shorter lived with smaller amounts of lower affinity antibody being produced. (18 Nov 1997) |
| heat-shock response | <cell biology> A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive heat and other environmental stresses. Responses include synthesis of some proteins, repression of other proteins, and expression of new proteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heat-shock response element | <cell biology, protein> The nucleotide sequence, CNNGAANNTCCNG, which is in the promoter region of the heat-shock genes. When the animal is exposed to certain types of stress such as a sudden rise in temperature, the first thing that happens to activate these genes is the binding of the HSE by a transcriptional enhancer protein. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Henry-Gauer response | Inhibition of antidiuretic hormone secretion due to a rise in atrial pressure which stimulates atrial stretch receptors. (05 Mar 2000) |