| 영문 | heart failure | 한글 | 심장기능상실 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 몸의 조직이나 기관에서 대사에 필요한 만큼 충분한 양의 혈액을 공급할 수 없을 정도로 심장기능이 저하되어 있는 상태이다. 심장기능상실은 심근이 수축할 능력이 저하되었을 때나 심장에 심박출을 하기 위한 압력이 정상보다 증가되어 정상의 심장의 수축으로는 충분한 양의 혈액을 공급할 수 없는 경우, 그리고 심장근육, 심장에 걸리는 압력은 정상이나 심장박동의 이상에 의해서 정상적인 수축이 불가능할 경우에 생긴다. |
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| 영문 | heart murmur | 한글 | 심장잡음 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장에서는 정상적으로 소리가 난다. 그 소리는 주로 판막이 닫힐 때 나는 소리로 쿵－쾅하는 2개의 소리로 보통 이루어진다. 처음에 나는 저음의 소리를 제 1심음이라고 하고 이것은 주로 승모판이나 삼첨판이 닫힐 때 나는 소리다. 그리고 두번째 나는 고음의 소리를 제 2심음이라고 한다. 이것은 주로 대동맥판이나 폐동맥판이 닫힐 때 나는 소리이다. 그리고 소아에서 정상적으로 들리는 제 3심음이 있다. 이것은 심방에서 들어오는 혈액이 심실에서 부딪혀서 나는 소리로 아주 약하고 낮은 소리이다. 심잡음이란 이런 정상적인 심음을 제외한 심장에서 나는 소리를 이르는 말이다. 심잡음의 기원과 의미를 정확히 판단하려면 심주기상 어느 시기에 청진되는가(수축기, 확장기, 연속성), 가장 크게 청진되는 부위가 어디인가, 전파되는 부위는 어디인가, 심잡음의 강도와 질은 어떠한가, 호흡과의 관계는 어떠한가를 분석하여야 한다. |
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| 영문 | heart-lung machine | 한글 | 심장-허파 기계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장의 수술에 사용되는 기계로서 심장이 수술을 받고 있는 동안 기능을 하지 못하므로 이 기능을 대신 해주는 기계이다. 이것은 대정맥과 대동맥사이에 연결이 되어서 혈액을 강제로 순환시키면서 대정맥에서 온 피에 산소를 공급하여 대동맥으로 돌려 보내는 역할을 한다. 즉 심장과 폐의 역할을 동시에 하는 기계이다. |
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| 영문 | heartburn | 한글 | 가슴쓰림 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 식도와 위의 윗부분이 쓰리고 아픈 증상. 산성의 위액이 식도에 올라와 점막을 자극하거나 식도 아랫부분에 많은 양의 액체가 갑자기 흘러 들어갈 때 생기는 증상이다. 위산과다 혹은 소화성괴양에 의해서 일어날 수도 있다. |
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| hearing loss, sensorineural | Hearing loss resulting from damage to the sensory mechanism internal from the oval and round windows. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| hearse | 1. A framework of wood or metal placed over the coffin or tomb of a deceased person, and covered with a pall; also, a temporary canopy bearing wax lights and set up in a church, under which the coffin was placed during the funeral ceremonies. 2. A grave, coffin, tomb, or sepulchral monument. "Underneath this marble hearse." "Beside the hearse a fruitful palm tree grows." (Fairfax) "Who lies beneath this sculptured hearse." (Longfellow) 3. A bier or handbarrow for conveying the dead to the grave. "Set down, set down your honorable load, It honor may be shrouded in a hearse." (Shak) 4. A carriage specially adapted or used for conveying the dead to the grave. See: Herse. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| heart | To give heart to; to hearten; to encourage; to inspirit. "My cause is hearted; thine hath no less reason." (Shak) To form a compact center or heart; as, a hearting cabbage. 1. <anatomy> A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. "Why does my blood thus muster to my heart!" (Shak) In adult mammals and birds, the heart is four-chambered, the right auricle and ventricle being completely separated from the left auricle and ventricle; and the blood flows from the systematic veins to the right auricle, thence to the right ventricle, from which it is forced to the lungs, then returned to the left auricle, thence passes to the left ventricle, from which it is driven into the systematic arteries. In fishes there are but one auricle and one ventricle, the blood being pumped from the ventricle through the gills to the system, and thence returned to the auricle. In most amphibians and reptiles, the separation of the auricles is partial or complete, and in reptiles the ventricles also are separated more or less completely. The so-called lymph hearts, found in many amphibians, reptiles, and birds, are contractile sacs, which pump the lymph into the veins. 2. The seat of the affections or sensibilities, collectively or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief, courage, and the like; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will; usually in a good sense, when no epithet is expressed; the better or lovelier part of our nature; the spring of all our actions and purposes; the seat of moral life and character; the moral affections and character itself; the individual disposition and character; as, a good, tender, loving, bad, hard, or selfish heart. "Hearts are dust, hearts' loves remain." (Emerson) 3. The nearest the middle or center; the part most hidden and within; the inmost or most essential part of any body or system; the source of life and motion in any organization; the chief or vital portion; the center of activity, or of energetic or efficient action; as, the heart of a country, of a tree, etc. "Exploits done in the heart of France." (Shak) "Peace subsisting at the heart Of endless agitation." (Wordsworth) 4. Courage; courageous purpose; spirit. "Eve, recovering heart, replied." (Milton) "The expelled nations take heart, and when they fly from one country invade another." (Sir W. Temple) 5. Vigorous and efficient activity; power of fertile production; condition of the soil, whether good or bad. "That the spent earth may gather heart again." (Dryden) 6. That which resembles a heart in shape; especially, a roundish or oval figure or object having an obtuse point at one end, and at the other a corresponding indentation, used as a symbol or representative of the heart. 7. One of a series of playing cards, distinguished by the figure or figures of a heart; as, hearts are trumps. 8. Vital part; secret meaning; real intention. "And then show you the heart of my message." (Shak) 9. A term of affectionate or kindly and familiar address. "I speak to thee, my heart." Heart is used in many compounds, the most of which need no special explanation; as, heart-appalling, heart-breaking, heart-cheering, heart-chilled, heart-expanding, heart-free, heart-hardened, heart-heavy, heart-purifying, heart-searching, heart-sickening, heart-sinking, heart-stirring, heart-touching, heart-wearing, heart-whole, heart-wounding, heart-wringing, etc. After one's own heart, conforming with one's inmost approval and desire; as, a friend after my own heart. "The Lord hath sought him a man after his own heart." (1 Sam. Xiii. 14) at heart, in the inmost character or disposition; at bottom; really; as, he is at heart a good man. By heart, in the closest or most thorough manner; as, to know or learn by heart. "Composing songs, for fools to get by heart" (that is, to commit to memory, or to learn thoroughly). For my heart, for my life; if my life were at stake. "I could not get him for my heart to do it." . Heart bond, any heartshaped, spatangoid sea urchin. See Spatangoid. Heart wheel, a form of cam, shaped like a heart. See Cam. In good heart, in good courage; in good hope. Out of heart, discouraged. Poor heart, an exclamation of pity. To break the heart of. To bring to despair or hopeless grief; to cause to be utterly cast down by sorrow. To bring almost to completion; to finish very nearly; said of anything undertaken; as, he has broken the heart of the task. To find in the heart, to be willing or disposed. "I could find in my heart to ask your pardon." . To have at heart, to desire (anything) earnestly. To have in the heart, to purpose; to design or intend to do. To have the heart in the mouth, to be much frightened. To lose heart, to become discouraged. To lose one's heart, to fall in love. To set the heart at rest, to put one's self at ease. To set the heart upon, to fix the desires on; to long for earnestly; to be very fond of. To take heart of grace, to take courage. To take to heart, to grieve over. To wear one's heart upon one's sleeve, to expose one's feelings or intentions; to be frank or impulsive. With all one's whole heart, very earnestly; fully; completely; devotedly. Origin: OE. Harte, herte, heorte, AS. Heorte; akin to OS. Herta, OFies. Hirte, D. Hart, OHG. Herza, G. Herz, Icel. Hjarta, Sw. Hjerta, Goth. Hairt, Lith. Szirdis, Russ. Serdtse, Ir. Cridhe, L. Cor, Gr, . Cf. Accord, Discord, Cordial, 4th Core, Courage. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| heart and lung transplant | A surgical procedure which replaces a diseased heart and lungs with a healthy heart and lungs from a donor. They have been used in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension and isolated severe heart and lung disease. They are not recommended for those with associated systemic disorders such as diabetes or autoimmune illness. Those with liver and/or kidney disease are also not candidates. Long-term outcomes are still being studied. (27 Sep 1997) |
| heart aneurysm | An aneurysmal dilatation of a portion of the wall of the ventricle, usually the left, or, rarely, a saccular protrusion through it (false aneurysm of the heart). It is usually consequent to myocardial infarction but other causes such as bacterial endocarditis or trauma have been described. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart antigen | A diphosphatidyl glycerol that is found in the membrane of Treponema pallidum and is the antigen detected by the Wasserman test for syphilis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| heart arrest | Sudden and usually momentary cessation of cardiac function. This sudden cessation may, but not usually, lead to death, sudden, cardiac. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart arrest, induced | Arrest of the contraction of the myocardium by the use of cardioplegic chemical compounds (cardioplegic solutions) or of cold during heart surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart atrium | The upper right and left chambers of the heart. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart attack | This refers to that damage that occurs to the heart when one of the coronary arteries becomes occluded. Common symptoms include crushing, substernal chest pain that may radiate to the jaw or the left arm, accompanied by nausea, sweating and shortness of breath. Fainting is a more uncommon presentation. (27 Sep 1997) |
| heart auscultation | Act of listening for sounds within the heart. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart beat | A complete cardiac cycle, including spread of the electrical impulse and the consequent mechanical contraction. Synonym: ictus cordis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heart biopsy | <investigation, procedure, surgery> A procedure which involves the removal of a small specimen of cardiac muscle tissue for microscopic analysis. This is generally performed at the same time as a cardiac catheterisation or as a very similar, yet separate, procedure. A small piece of heart tissue is taken via a small forceps inserted into the cardiac catheter site (usually threaded through a vein in the neck). This test may reveal the cause of a cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, amyloidosis or a heart transplant rejection. (21 Mar 1998) |
| heart block | <cardiology, physiology> A conduction disturbance that results in the inappropriate delay (or complete inability) of a electrical impulse, generated in the atria, to reach the ventricles (via the atrioventricular node). Clinical types are divided into first (nonserious), second and third degree (most serious) AV blocks. Some drugs may precipitate an AV block (for example clonidine, methyldopa, verapamil). A permanent pacemaker may be required for a third degree (complete) heart block. (07 Apr 1998) |
| heart bypass, left | Diversion of the flow of blood from the pulmonary veins directly to the aorta, avoiding the left atrium and the left ventricle. This is a temporary procedure usually performed to assist other surgical procedures. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Bilateral Hearing Loss, Bilateral Hearing Losses, Hearing Losses, Bilateral, Loss, Bilateral Hearing, Losses, Bilateral Hearing
Synonyms :
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Hearing Loss, Psychogenic, Functional Hearing Loss, Nonorganic Hearing Loss, Psychogenic Hearing Loss
Synonyms : Hearing Loss, High Frequency, High-Frequency Hearing Loss
| hearing dog |
dog trained to assist the deaf by signaling the occurrence of certain sounds
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| hearing impairment |
impairment of the sense of hearing
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| hearing-impaired |
hard-of-hearing: having a hearing loss
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| heart massage |
cardiac massage: an emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or, during surgery, directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| heart attack |
a sudden severe instance of abnormal heart function
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| hear | a session (of a committee or grand jury) in which witnesses are called and testimony is taken |
|---|---|
| hear | the range within which a voice can be heard |
| hear | an opportunity to state your case and be heard |
| hear | able to perceive sound |
| hear | a conical acoustic device formerly used to direct sound to the ear of a hearing-impaired person |
| hear | an electronic device that amplifies sound and is worn to compensate for poor hearing |
| hear | dog trained to assist the deaf by signaling the occurrence of certain sounds |
| hear | an official appointed by a government agency to conduct an investigation or administrative hearing so that the agency can exercise its statutory powers |
| hear | impairment of the sense of hearing |
| hear | impairment of the sense of hearing |
| hear | an official appointed by a government agency to conduct an investigation or administrative hearing so that the agency can exercise its statutory powers |
| hear | having a hearing loss |