| 영문 | complement fixation reaction | 한글 | 보체결합 반응, 도움체결합반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 항체와의 반응에 있어서 보체와 결합하는 항체를 검사하는 방법으로, 이 반응은 최초에 기지항원, 피검혈청 및 보체를 혼합한다. 제2단계에서는 적혈구와 이것에 대응하는 용혈소의 혼합액을 가한다. 본 반응후 용혈이 일어나지 않으면 본체는 항원항체결합물에 결합한 것이 되어 양성이 되지만, 용혈이 일어난 경우 보체는 결합하지 않아 소비되지 않기 때문에 음성이 된다. 본 반응은 기지혈청을 써서 항원검출에 응용할 수 있으며, 마이코플라스마, 리케챠, 클라미디아, 바이러스, 매독 등의 진단에 쓰인다. |
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| 영문 | transfusion reaction | 한글 | 수혈부작용, 수혈반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 수혈하였을 때에 환자에게 일어나는 반응. 알레르기 반응과 용혈 반응이 있다. |
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| 영문 | graft versus host reaction | 한글 | 이식편대 숙주반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 면역이란 자신의 것과 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 구분해서 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 공격하여 생물학적 활성을 없애거나 제거하는 것이다. 이 면역은 주로 혈액에 있는 세포에 의해서 이루어진다. 특히 림프구는 이 면역에 중추적인 역할을 하는 세포이다. 이식편대숙주반응이라는 것은 이식되어온 조직에 존재하는 타인의 혈구들이 숙주의 세포를 공격하는 것을 말한다. 즉 이식되어온 조직과 함께 들어온 혈구들이 이식을 받은 사람의 세포를 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격하는 현상이다. 이것은 이식을 받은 사람의 면역상태가 정상적일 경우에는 일어나지 않는데 왜냐하면 면역상태가 정상일 경우에는 이식되어온 장기와 더불어 들어온 타인의 혈구들을 이식을 받은 사람의 혈구가 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격을 하고 숫적으로 유리하여 모두 죽일 수가 있기 때문이다. |
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| PAS | para aminosalicylate; Parent Attitude Scale; patient administration system; patient appointments and... |
|---|---|
| SR | sarcoplasmic reticulum; saturation recovery; scanning radiometer; screen; secretion rate; sedimentat... |
| AGI | adjusted gross income |
| APGAR | American Pediatric Gross Assessment Record |
| GCSA | Gross cell surface antigen |
| contraction stress test | A test used to evaluate foetal well-being by inducing contractions and analyzing the foetal heart rate response. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| porcine stress syndrome | A severe form of fever that occurs as a reaction to certain anaesthetic agents and muscle relaxants. Malignant hyperthermia is an inherited autosomal dominant condition. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (27 Sep 1997) |
| posttraumatic stress | A psychological disorder that develops in some individuals who have had major traumatic experiences (and, for example, have been in a serious accident or through a war). The person is typically numb at first but later has symptoms including depression, excessive irritability, guilt (for having survived while others died), recurrent nightmares, flashbacks to the traumatic scene, and overreactions to sudden noises. Posttraumatic stress became known in the 70s due to the adjustment problems of some vietnam veterans. It was listed as a diagnostic category by the american psychiatric association in 1980. Although the name post-traumatic stress was new, the condition was not. It was known as shell shock in world war i and battle fatigue during world war II. (12 Dec 1998) |
| posttraumatic stress disorder | Development of characteristic symptoms following a psychologically traumatic event that is generally outside the range of usual human experience; symptoms include numbed responsiveness to environmental stimuli, a variety of autonomic and cognitive dysfunctions, and dysphoria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posttraumatic stress syndrome | <syndrome> A disorder appearing after a physically or psychologically traumatic event outside the range of usual human experience, (e.g., a serious threat to one's life or seeing a loved one killed), characterised by symptoms of re-experiencing the event, numbing of responsiveness to the environment, exaggerated startle response, guilt feelings, impairment of memory, and difficulties in concentration and sleep. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heat stress disorder | A group of conditions due to overexposure to or overexertion in excess environmental temperature. It includes heat cramps, which are non-emergent and treated by salt replacement; heat exhaustion, which is more serious, treated with fluid and salt replacement; and heatstroke, a condition most commonly affecting extremes of age, especially the elderly, accompanied by convulsions, delusions, or coma and treated with cooling the body and replacement of fluids and salts. (12 Dec 1998) |
| shear stress | The force acting in shear flow expressed per unit area; units in the CGS system: dynes/cm2. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stress | 1. Forcibly exerted influence, pressure. In dentistry, the pressure of the upper teeth against the lower in mastication. 2. The sum of the biological reactions to any adverse stimulus, physical, mental or emotional, internal or external, that tends to disturb the organisms homeostasis, should these compensating reactions be inadequate or inappropriate, they may lead to disorders. The term is also used to refer to the stimuli that elicit the reactions. (18 Nov 1997) |
| stress-bearing area | Surfaces of structures that resist forces, strains, or pressures brought upon them during function. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stress breaker | A device that relieves the abutment teeth, to which a fixed or removable partial denture is attached, of all or part of the forces generated by occlusal function. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stress disorders, posttraumatic | Anxiety disorders manifested by the development of characteristic symptoms following a psychologically traumatic event that is outside the normal range of usual human experience. Symptoms include re-experiencing the traumatic event and numbing of responsiveness to or reduced involvement with the external world. (12 Dec 1998) |
| stress echocardiogram | <investigation> An echocardiogram that is performed after a period of physical exertion. Chemical stimulation of the heart (to mimic exertion) is used in some cases where physical activity is not possible. In some cases, exertion may manifest a cardiac abnormality not obvious during echocardiography in the resting heart. (27 Sep 1997) |
| stress echocardiography | Echocardiographic monitoring of a circulatory challenge, usually exercise. Transesophageal echocardiography, recording of the echocardiogram from a transducer swallowed by the patient to predetermined distances in the oesophagus and stomach. Transthoracic echocardiography, the standard echocardiography recorded from echocardiographic "windows" on the precordium. Two-dimensional echocardiography, echocardiography in which an image is reconstructed from the echoes stimulated and detected by a linear array or moving transducers. Synonym: B-mode echocardiography, cross-sectional echocardiography. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stress fibre | <physiology> Long bundles of microfilaments made up of actin subunits. They are involved in the attachment of cultured cells to a substratum, the determination of cell shape and may be involved in cellular mobility. They are found in most cells and have been shown to be contractile, have a periodicity reminiscent of the sarcomere and are anchored at one end to a focal adhesion, although sometimes between two focal adhesions. (17 Jul 2002) |
| stress fracture | <orthopaedics, radiology> A hairline or microscopic break in the bone that is not demonstrable with conventional X-rays. Symptoms include a dull aching pain with tenderness at the site. Symptoms often increase with activity and diminish with rest. Nuclear bone scanning will reliably demonstrate stress fractures where conventional radiographs often fail. Although they may occur in most any location, they are most common in the tibia, fibula and metatarsal bones. (27 Sep 1997) |