| true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome | <syndrome> Very chronic axon loss brachial plexopathy, caused by compromise of the lower trunk fibres by a congenital band extending from a rudimentary cervical rib to the first thoracic rib; rare disorder, found mostly in young to middle-aged women, that presents with unilateral hand wasting and weakness, particularly involving the lateral thenar eminence; sometimes accompanied by intermittent discomfort along the medial forearm and hand. Synonym: cervical rib and band syndrome, classic cervical rib syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| adynamic ileus simulating bowel obstruction | <radiology> Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstrction, pelvic surgery, urinary retention, pancreatitis, acute intermittent porphyria, ceroidosis, neonatal adynamic ileus (12 Dec 1998) |
| airway obstruction | Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bile duct obstruction, extrahepatic | Impairment of bile flow through the hepatic, cystic, or common bile ducts or vater's ampulla. This is sometimes called surgical jaundice. (12 Dec 1998) |
| biliary obstruction | <gastroenterology, surgery> A blockage of the bile ducts can occur by a stone, tumour, pancreas (pancreatic tumour or swelling), bile duct inflammation, bile duct cysts, trauma, bile duct stricture or enlarged lymph nodes in the area. When bile duct obstruction occurs, bile accumulates in the liver and jaundice develops due to the accumulation of bilirubin in the bloodstream. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bowel obstruction | A blockage of the bowel lumen prohibiting the passage of material. Common symptoms include constipation, abdominal swelling and abdominal pain. Treatment includes intravenous fluids, rest, nasogastric suction and surgery in select cases. (27 Sep 1997) |
| gastrojejunal loop obstruction syndrome | <syndrome> A complication of gastrojejunostomy, caused by acute or chronic obstruction of the afferent loop due to hernia, intussusception, kinking, volvulus, etc. It is characterised by pain and vomiting of bile-stained fluid and includes acute afferent loop obstruction and bilious vomiting. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ventricular outflow obstruction | Occlusion of the ventricular outflow or inflow tract on either side of the heart. It may result from a congenital defect or predisposing heart disease, or as a complication of surgery or tumours of the heart or its vessels. (12 Dec 1998) |
| renal artery obstruction | Narrowing or occlusion of the renal arteries. It is due usually to atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, thrombosis, embolism, or external pressure. It may result in renovascular hypertension. (12 Dec 1998) |
| closed-loop obstruction | Obstruction of a segment of intestine by rotation on a fixed point (volvulus); frequently impairs venous circulation of the affected bowel segment, resulting in strangulation and gangrene; the segment of intestine contained in a hernia can also become a closed-loop obstruction when sufficient compression occurs at the neck of the sac. (05 Mar 2000) |
| colonic pseudo-obstruction | Functional obstruction of the colon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| colon obstruction | <radiology> Primary colon carcinoma (70%), diverticulitis (spasm, scarring), volvulus (caecal, sigmoid), inflammatory stricture (IBD, etc.), extrinsic lesion (hernia, neoplasm), faecal impaction, intussusception, Hirschsprung disease, imperforate anus, meconium plug, adhesions, retractile mesenteritis Note: left colon more common, more subacute than SBO (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatic obstruction | <gastroenterology> A condition that results in liver enlargement and can occur either by blockage of the hepatic veins or by blockage of the common bile duct (drains bile from the liver). (27 Sep 1997) |
| small bowel obstruction | <radiology> Fibrous adhesions (75%), secondary to previous peritonitis or surgery, hernia, external, internal, neoplasm, inflammatory disease See also: adynamic ileus simulating mechanical obstruction, large bowel (colon) obstruction (12 Dec 1998) |
| nasal obstruction | Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be in the nasal vestibule, fossae, or other areas of the nasal cavity. (12 Dec 1998) |