| term | 1. That which limits the extent of anything; limit; extremity; bound; boundary. "Corruption is a reciprocal to generation, and they two are as nature's two terms, or boundaries." (Bacon) 2. The time for which anything lasts; any limited time; as, a term of five years; the term of life. 3. In universities, schools, etc, a definite continuous period during which instruction is regularly given to students; as, the school year is divided into three terms. 4. <geometry> A point, line, or superficies, that limits; as, a line is the term of a superficies, and a superficies is the term of a solid. 5. A fixed period of time; a prescribed duration; as: The limitation of an estate; or rather, the whole time for which an estate is granted, as for the term of a life or lives, or for a term of years. A space of time granted to a debtor for discharging his obligation. The time in which a court is held or is open for the trial of causes. In England, there were formerly four terms in the year, during which the superior courts were open: Hilary term, beginning on the 11th and ending on the 31st of January; Easter term, beginning on the 15th of April, and ending on the 8th of May; Trinity term, beginning on the 22d day of May, and ending on the 12th of June; Michaelmas term, beginning on the 2d and ending on the 25th day of November. The rest of the year was called vacation. But this division has been practically abolished by the Judicature Acts of 1873, 1875, which provide for the more convenient arrangement of the terms and vacations. In the United States, the terms to be observed by the tribunals of justice are prescribed by the statutes of Congress and of the several States. 6. <logic> The subject or the predicate of a proposition; one of the three component parts of a syllogism, each one of which is used twice. "The subject and predicate of a proposition are, after Aristotle, together called its terms or extremes." (Sir W. Hamilton) The predicate of the conclusion is called the major term, because it is the most general, and the subject of the conclusion is called the minor term, because it is less general. These are called the extermes; and the third term, introduced as a common measure between them, is called the mean or middle term. Thus in the following syllogism, Every vegetable is combustible; Every tree is a vegetable; Therefore every tree is combustible, - combustible, the predicate of the conclusion, is the major term; tree is the minor term; vegetable is the middle term. 7. A word or expression; specifically, one that has a precisely limited meaning in certain relations and uses, or is peculiar to a science, art, profession, or the like; as, a technical term. "Terms quaint of law." "In painting, the greatest beauties can not always be expressed for want of terms." (Dryden) 8. A quadrangular pillar, adorned on the top with the figure of a head, as of a man, woman, or satyr; called also terminal figure. See Terminus, 2 and 3. The pillar part frequently tapers downward, or is narrowest at the base. Terms rudely carved were formerly used for landmarks or boundaries. 9. <mathematics> A member of a compound quantity; as, a or b in a + b; ab or cd in ab - cd. 10. <medicine> The menses. 11. Propositions or promises, as in contracts, which, when assented to or accepted by another, settle the contract and bind the parties; conditions. 12. In Scotland, the time fixed for the payment of rents. Terms legal and conventional in Scotland correspond to quarter days in England and Ireland. There are two legal terms Whitsunday, May 15, and Martinmas, Nov. 11; and two conventional terms Candlemas, Feb. 2, and Lammas day, Aug. 1. 13. A piece of carved work placed under each end of the taffrail. In term, in set terms; in formal phrase. "I can not speak in term." (Chaucer) Term fee, the four members of which it is composed. To bring to terms, to compel (one) to agree, assent, or submit; to force (one) to come to terms. To make terms, to come to terms; to make an agreement: to agree. Synonym: Limit, bound, boundary, condition, stipulation, word, expression. Term, Word. These are more frequently interchanged than almost any other vocables that occur of the language. There is, however, a difference between them which is worthy of being kept in mind. Word is generic; it denotes an utterance which represents or expresses our thoughts and feelings. Term originally denoted one of the two essential members of a proposition in logic, and hence signifies a word of specific meaning, and applicable to a definite class of objects. Thus, we may speak of a scientific or a technical term, and of stating things in distinct terms. Thus we say, "the term minister literally denotes servant;" "an exact definition of terms is essential to clearness of thought;" "no term of reproach can sufficiently express my indignation;" "every art has its peculiar and distinctive terms," etc. So also we say, "purity of style depends on the choice of words, and precision of style on a clear understanding of the terms used." Term is chiefly applied to verbs, nouns, and adjectives, these being capable of standing as terms in a logical proposition; while prepositions and conjunctions, which can never be so employed, are rarely spoken of as terms, but simply as words. Origin: F. Terme, L. Termen, -inis, terminus, a boundary limit, end; akin to Gr, . See Thrum a tuft, and cf. Terminus, Determine, Exterminate. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| term infant | An infant with gestational age between 37 completed weeks (259 completed days) and 42 completed weeks (294 completed days). (05 Mar 2000) |
| long-term care | Care over an extended period, usually for a chronic condition or disability, requiring periodic, intermittent, or continuous care. (12 Dec 1998) |
| long-term memory | That phase of the memory process considered the permanent storehouse of information which has been registered, encoded, passed into the short-term memory, coded, rehearsed, and finally transferred and stored for future retrieval; material and information retained in LTM underlies cognitive abilities. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long-term nonprogressor | An individual who has been infected with HIV for at least seven to twelve years (different authors use different timespans) and yet retains a CD4 cell count within the normal range. (09 Oct 1997) |
| long-term potentiation | <physiology> Increase in the strength of transmission at a synapse with repetitive use that lasts for more than a few minutes. As a form of long term synaptic plasticity it is important as a possible cellular mechanism for the basis of learning and memory storage. It has been studied most extensively at excitatory synapses onto principal neurons of the hippocampus where it was first demonstrated. Selective inhibition of NMDA receptor channels has been shown to block long-term potentiation and to block spatial learning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| long-term productivity | The capacity of a site to support forest ecosystems over generations of humans and trees as measured against some defined reference. (05 Dec 1998) |
| long-term survival | <oncology> Term used to describe the survival of leukaemia patients who have been disease free for prolonged periods of time, usually at least five years. The chance of disease returning (relapse) decreases with time. (13 Nov 1997) |
| birth | 1. The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; generally applied to human beings; as, the birth of a son. 2. Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high birth; noble extraction. "Elected without reference to birth, but solely for qualifications." (Prescott) 3. The condition to which a person is born; natural state or position; inherited disposition or tendency. "A foe by birth to Troy's unhappy name." (Dryden) 4. The act of bringing forth; as, she had two children at a birth. "At her next birth." 5. That which is born; that which is produced, whether animal or vegetable. "Poets are far rarer births that kings." (B. Jonson) "Others hatch their eggs and tend the birth till it is able to shift for itself." (Addison) 6. Origin; beginning; as, the birth of an empire. New birth, regeneration, or the commencement of a religious life. Synonym: Parentage, extraction, lineage, race, family. Origin: OE. Burth, birth, AS. Beor, gebyrd, fr. Beran to bear, bring forth; akin to D. Geboorate, OHG. Burt, giburt, G. Geburt, Icel. Burr, Skr. Bhrti bearing, supporting; cf. Ir. & Gael. Beirthe born, brought forth. 92. See 1st Bear, and cf. Berth. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| birth amputation | Amputation produced in utero; attributed to the pressure of constricting bands (amniotic); autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: amniotic amputation, amputation, birth amputation, intrauterine amputation, spontaneous amputation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth canal | Cavity of the uterus and vagina through which the foetus passes. Synonym: parturient canal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth certificates | Official certifications by a physician recording the individual's birth date, place of birth, parentage and other required identifying data which are filed with the local registrar of vital statistics. (12 Dec 1998) |
| birth control | Restriction of the number of offspring by means of contraceptive measures, projects, programs, or methods to control reproduction, by either improving or diminishing fertility. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth defect | Defect present at birth; sometimes referred to as congenital defect. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth fracture | Fracture occurring during the trauma of delivery or, occasionally, before delivery in infants with osteogenesis imperfecta. (05 Mar 2000) |