| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
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| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| FF | degree of fineness of abrasive particles; fat-free; father factor; fecal frequency; fertility factor... |
|---|---|
| FT | Fallot tetralogy; false transmitter; family therapy; fast twitch; fatigue trial; fibrous tissue; fin... |
| GF | gastric fistula; gastric fluid; germ-free; glass factor; glomerular filtration; gluten-free; grandfa... |
| SFH | schizophrenia family history; serum-free hemoglobin; stroma-free hemoglobin |
| GC | ganglion cell; gas chromatography; general circulation; general closure; general condition; generali... |
| purine-free diet | A diet containing a minimal quantity of purine bases (meats); liver, kidney, and sweetbread especially are excluded and replaced by dairy products, fruits, and cereals; alcoholic beverages also are excluded. Synonym: purine-free diet. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| skeleton of free inferior limb | The bones of the lower limb except the hip bones, i.e., all lower limb bones including and distal to the femur. (05 Mar 2000) |
| skeleton of free superior limb | The bones of the upper limb except the scapula and clavicle, i.e., all upper limb bones including and distal to the humerus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| specific pathogen-free organisms | Animals or humans raised in the absence of a particular disease-causing virus or other microorganism. Less frequently plants are cultivated pathogen-free. (12 Dec 1998) |
| disease-free survival | Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| oxygen derived free radicals | An atom or atom group having an unpaired electron on an oxygen atom, typically derived from molecular oxygen. For example, one-electron reduction of O2 produces the superoxide radical, O2-; other examples include the hydroperoxyl radical (HOO-), the hydroxyl radical (HO-), and nitric oxide (NO-). (05 Mar 2000) |
| echo-free | The property of appearing echo-free or without echoes on a sonographic image; a clear cyst appears anechoic. See: transonic. Synonym: echo-free. Origin: G. An-priv. + echo + ic (05 Mar 2000) |
| joints of free inferior limb | The joints uniting the bones of the free inferior limb to one another and to the pelvic girdle; they are the hip joint, knee joint, tibiofibular joints, and the joints of the ankle and foot. Synonym: articulationes membri inferioris liberi, joints of free inferior limb, juncturae membri inferioris liberi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| joints of free lower limb | The joints uniting the bones of the free inferior limb to one another and to the pelvic girdle; they are the hip joint, knee joint, tibiofibular joints, and the joints of the ankle and foot. Synonym: articulationes membri inferioris liberi, joints of free inferior limb, juncturae membri inferioris liberi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| joints of free superior limb | The joints uniting the bones of the free superior limb girdle; they are the shoulder joint, elbow joint, radioulnar joints, and joints of the wrist and hand. Synonym: articulationes membri superioris liberi, joints of free superior limb, juncturae membri superioris liberi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| joints of free upper limb | The joints uniting the bones of the free superior limb girdle; they are the shoulder joint, elbow joint, radioulnar joints, and joints of the wrist and hand. Synonym: articulationes membri superioris liberi, joints of free superior limb, juncturae membri superioris liberi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| unesterified free fatty acid | Free fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacylglycerols are taken into tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| free | 1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one's own course of action; not dependent; at liberty. "That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that alone which is or is not free." (Locke) 2. Not under an arbitrary or despotic government; subject only to fixed laws regularly and fairly administered, and defended by them from encroachments upon natural or acquired rights; enjoying political liberty. 3. Liberated, by arriving at a certain age, from the control of parents, guardian, or master. 4. Not confined or imprisoned; released from arrest; liberated; at liberty to go. "Set an unhappy prisoner free." (Prior) 5. Not subjected to the laws of physical necessity; capable of voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty; said of the will. "Not free, what proof could they have given sincere Of true allegiance, constant faith, or love." (Milton) 6. Clear of offense or crime; guiltless; innocent. "My hands are guilty, but my heart is free." (Dryden) 7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust; unreserved; ingenuous; frank; familiar; communicative. "He was free only with a few." (Milward) 8. Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish; licentious; used in a bad sense. "The critics have been very free in their censures." (Felton) "A man may live a free life as to wine or women." (Shelley) 9. Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-handed; lavish; as, free with his money. 10. Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; followed by from, or, rarely, by of. "Princes declaring themselves free from the obligations of their treaties." (Bp. Burnet) 11. Characteristic of one acting without restraint; charming; easy. 12. Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a free horse. 13. Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of. "He therefore makes all birds, of every sect, Free of his farm." (Dryden) 14. Thrown open, or made accessible, to all; to be enjoyed without limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed, engrossed, or appropriated; open; said of a thing to be possessed or enjoyed; as, a free school. "Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as free For me as for you?" (Shak) 15. Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as, free admission; a free gift. 16. Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; said of a government, institutions, etc. 17. Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service; free socage. 18. Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free fishery; a free warren. 19. Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free cells. Free agency, the capacity or power of choosing or acting freely, or without necessity or constraint upon the will. Free bench, to sail with the yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing closehauled, or close to the wind. Origin: OE. Fre, freo, AS. Freo, fri; akin to D. Vrij, OS. & OHG. Fri, G. Frei, Icel. Fri, Sw. & Dan. Fri, Goth. Freis, and also to Skr. Prija beloved, dear, fr. Pri to love, Goth. Frijn. Cf. Affray, Belfry, Friday, Friend, Frith inclosure. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| free association | Spontaneous verbalization of whatever comes to mind. (12 Dec 1998) |
| free bone flap | Portion of cranium removed and detached from overlying soft tissue structures. (05 Mar 2000) |