| beta [Greek letter beta] | an anomer of a carbohydrate; buffer capacity; carbon separated from a carboxyl by one other carbon i... |
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| BG | basal ganglion; basic gastrin; Bender Gestalt [test]; beta-galactosidase; beta-glucuronidase; bicolo... |
| VLAB, VLA-BETA | very late activation protein beta |
| HDL | High Density Lipoprotein; 고밀도 지질 단백질 |
| IDL | Intermediate Density Lipoprotein; 중밀도 지질 단백질 |
| beta, or beta-value | <radiobiology> Ratio of plasma kinetic pressure to magnetic-field pressure, proportional to the ratio of plasma kinetic energy density to magnetic field energy density. Beta is usually measured relative to the total, local field (loosely called beta toroidal), but sometimes the plasma pressure relative to only the poloidal component of the field (beta poloidal) or relative to some external field (like the maximum field at the magnetic coils) is more useful. There is also a normalised beta (beta_N) of interest when discussing the beta limit. (lots of help from Art Carlson with the above.) Because the cost of a reactor is strongly influenced by the strength of the magnetic field that must be provided, beta values are directly related to the economics of fusion power production. Beta is usually expressed as a percentage, with 5% generally believed to be the minimum value required for an economical fusion reactor. See: pressure, kinetic pressure, magnetic pressure, second stability. (09 Oct 1997) |
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| UDP-GalNAc-beta-galactose beta 1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase | <enzyme> Consider also EC 2.4.1.92 Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- Synonym: beta-1,4-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, 4-galnactransferase, udp-n-acetylgalactosamine-beta-galactose beta 1,4-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, (1-4)-n-acetyl-beta-d-galactosaminyltransferase, galnact-1 (26 Jun 1999) |
| 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol 6 alpha-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Requires NADPH, found in rat prostatic microsomes Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- Synonym: artdl 6 alpha-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| 5 alpha-androstane 3 beta,17 beta-diol 7 alpha-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Requires NADPH, found in rat prostate microsomes Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- Synonym: artdl 7 alpha-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| a1-lipoprotein | A lipoprotein fraction of relatively low molecular weight, high density, rich in phospholipids, and found in the a1-globulin fraction of human plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| b1-lipoprotein | A lipoprotein fraction of relatively high molecular weight, low density, rich in cholesterol, and found in the beta-globulin fraction of human plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| receptors, lipoprotein | Cell surface proteins that bind lipoproteins with high affinity. Lipoprotein receptors in the liver and peripheral tissues mediate the regulation of plasma and cellular cholesterol metabolism and concentration. The receptors generally recognise the apolipoproteins of the lipoprotein complex, and binding is often a trigger for endocytosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| very low density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> A lipoprotein substances (combination of a fat and a protein) which acts as a carrier for cholesterol and fats (particularly triglycerides) in the bloodstream. Elevations in very low density lipoprotein in the bloodstream are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Acronym: VLDL (18 Nov 1997) |
| multiple lipoprotein-type hyperlipidaemia | <biochemistry> Inherited as a defective gene, this disorder is characterised by elevations in serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides. There are often multiple types of lipoproteins (LDL) elevated in one family. This condition is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| high density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> These lipoproteins acts to carry cholesterol in the bloodstream. Raised high density lipoprotein levels have been correlated with a lower risk for heart disease. Less than 35 mg/dl is considered a positive risk factor for coronary artery disease, over 60 mg/dl is considered a negative risk factor (reduces your risk of heart disease). Recent studies show a low high density lipoprotein level is the strongest predictor of cardiovascular death in women. Acronym: HDL (18 Nov 1997) |
| intermediate density lipoprotein | Class of lipoproteins formed in degradation of very-low-density lipoproteins; about half are cleared quickly from the plasma into the liver by receptor-mediated endocytosis; the other half are degraded into low density lipoproteins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| familial high density lipoprotein deficiency | Familial high {density lipoprotein deficiency}; a heritable disorder of lipid metabolism characterised by almost complete absence from plasma of high density lipoproteins, and by storage of cholesterol esters in foam cells, tonsillar enlargement, an orange or yellow-gray colour of the pharyngeal and rectal mucosa, hepatosplenomegaly, lymph node enlargement, corneal opacity, and peripheral neuropathy; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: familial high {density lipoprotein deficiency}, Tangier disease. Origin: G. An-, priv., + alpha, a, + lipoprotein + -aemia, blood (05 Mar 2000) |
| familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency | An rare inherited disorder where there is a deficiency of an enzyme (lipoprotein lipase) which breaks down fat molecules, causing the accumulation of fats or lipoproteins in the blood. Symptoms in infancy include abdominal pain (appears as if its colic), failure to thrive and skin lesions (xanthomas). (27 Sep 1997) |
| familial lipoprotein lipase inhibitor | An inhibitor found in certain individuals that inhibits lipoprotein lipase resulting in accumulation of chylomicrons, VLDL, and triacylglycerols; similar in symptoms to familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lipoprotein | <biochemistry> An important class of serum proteins in which a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesterol esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Classified according to density: chylomicrons, large low density particles, very low density, low density and high density species. Important in lipid transport, especially cholesterol transport in the blood stream. Abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism have been implicated in certain heart diseases. (13 Nov 1997) |