| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| ASM | acid sphingomyelinase; airway smooth muscle; American Society for Microbiology; anterior scalenus mu... |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| tendon sheath of extensor digiti minimi muscle | <anatomy> The synovial sheath surrounding the tendon of the extensor digiti minimi in its passage deep to the extensor retinaculum. Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi extensoris digiti minimi. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| tendon sheath of extensor digitorum longus muscle of foot | The synovial sheath that surrounds the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus muscle and the peroneus tertius in their passage across the ankle. Synonym: vagina tendinum musculi extensoris digitorum pedis longi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tendon sheath of extensor hallucis longus muscle | <anatomy> The synovial sheath that surrounds the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus in its passage across the ankle. Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi extensoris hallucis longi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tendon sheath of extensor pollicis longus muscle | <anatomy> The synovial sheath surrounding the extensor pollicis longus tendon in its passage deep to the extensor retinaculum. Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi extensoris pollicis longi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extensor muscle of fingers | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral epicondyle of humerus; insertion, by four tendons into the base of the proximal and middle and base of the second and third phalanges of 4 fingers; action, extends fingers and hand; nerve supply, radial (posterior interosseous). Synonym: musculus extensor digitorum, extensor muscle of fingers, musculus extensor digitorum communis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ulnar extensor muscle of wrist | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral epicondyle of humerus (humeral head) and oblique line and posterior border of ulna (ulnar head); insertion, base of fifth metacarpal bone; action, extends and abducts wrist ulnarward; nerve supply, radial (posterior interosseous). Synonym: musculus extensor carpi ulnaris, ulnar extensor muscle of wrist. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long extensor muscle of great toe | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane; insertion, base of distal phalanx of great toe; action, extends the great toe; nerve supply, anterior tibial. Synonym: musculus extensor hallucis longus, long extensor muscle of great toe. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long extensor muscle of thumb | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, posterior surface of ulna; insertion, base of distal phalanx of thumb; action, extends distal phalanx of thumb; nerve supply, radial. Synonym: musculus extensor pollicis longus, long extensor muscle of thumb, musculus extensor longus pollicis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long extensor muscle of toes | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral condyle of tibia, upper two-thirds of anterior margin of fibula; insertion, by four tendons to the dorsal surfaces of the bases of the proximal, middle, and distal phalanges of the second to fifth toes; action, extends the four lateral toes; nerve supply, deep branch of peroneal. Synonym: musculus extensor digitorum longus, long extensor muscle of toes, musculus extensor longus digitorum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long radial extensor muscle of wrist | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus; insertion, back of base of second metacarpal bone; action, extends and deviates wrist radialward; nerve supply, radial. Synonym: musculus extensor carpi radialis longus, long radial extensor muscle of wrist. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Graham Little, Sir Ernest Gordon | <person> British physician. Lived: 1867-1950. See: Graham Little syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Graham Little syndrome | Follicular hyperkeratosis of the scalp with lymphocytic perifolliculitis and lichen planus elsewhere. Synonym: Graham Little syndrome, lichen planus et acuminatus atrophicans. (05 Mar 2000) |
| little | 1. Small in size or extent; not big; diminutive; opposed to big or large; as, a little body; a little animal; a little piece of ground; a little hill; a little distance; a little child. "He sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature." (Luke xix. 3) 2. Short in duration; brief; as, a little sleep. "Best him enough: after a little time, I'll beat him too." (Shak) 3. Small in quantity or amount; not much; as, a little food; a little air or water. "Conceited of their little wisdoms, and doting upon their own fancies." (Barrow) 4. Small in dignity, power, or importance; not great; insignificant; contemptible. "When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes?" (I Sam. Xv. 17) 5. Small in force or efficiency; not strong; weak; slight; inconsiderable; as, little attention or exertion;little effort; little care or diligence. "By sad experiment I know How little weight my words with thee can find." (Milton) 6. Small in extent of views or sympathies; narrow; shallow; contracted; mean; illiberal; ungenerous. "The long-necked geese of the world that are ever hissing dispraise, Because their natures are little." (Tennyson) Little chief. The offices of prime, tierce, sext, and nones. Vespers and compline are sometimes included. Little ones, young children. "The men, and the women, and the little ones." (Deut. Ii. 34) Origin: The regular comparative of this word is wanting, its place being supplied by less, or, rarely, lesser. See Lesser. For the superlative least is used, the regular form, littlest, occurring very rarely, except in some of the English provinces, and occasionally in colloquial language. " Where love is great, the littlest doubts are fear."] [OE. Litel, lutel, AS. Ltel, litel, lt; akin to OS. Littil, D. Luttel, LG. Lutt, OHG. Luzzil, MHG. Lutzel; and perh. To AS. Lytig deceitful, lot deceit, Goth. Liuts deceitful, lutn to deceive; cf. Also Icel. Litill little, Sw. Liten, Dan. Liden, lille, Goth. Leitils, which appear to have a different root vowel. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| little fossa of the cochlear window | A depression on the medial wall of the middle ear which has the fenestra cochleae (round window) in its lower portion. Synonym: fossula rotunda, little fossa of the cochlear window. (05 Mar 2000) |
| little fossa of the vestibular window | A depression on the medial wall of the middle ear which has the fenestra vestibulae (oval window) in its lower portion. Synonym: Huguier's sinus, little fossa of the vestibular window, little fossa of the vestibular round window. (05 Mar 2000) |