| 영문 | epidemic hemorrhagic fever | 한글 | 유행출혈열 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 한국전쟁당시 국내에서 발견되면서 한때 한국형 출혈열(Korean hemorrhagic fever)이라고도 불리웠던 이 병은 갑자기 시작하는 오한, 두통, 근육통을 나타내고 이어서 3~5일 내에 전신 피부 및 공막출혈, 혈소판감소증, 단백뇨 및 신장 기능상실 등이 온다. 말기에는 쇼크 및 저체온이 될 수 있다. 처음 7~10일 간에 살아남은 환자들은 서서히 회복되나 단백뇨의 핍뇨는 수 주간 지속된다. 증세에 따라서 발열기, 저혈압기, 감뇨기, 이뇨기, 회복기로 비교적 특이하게 구분된다. Hantaan virus라고 불리는 이 병원체는 세포질에서 자라는 RNA 바이러스이며 Bunyaviridae과에 속하는 Hanta 바이러스속에 속하는 종(species)으로 한탄 바이러스 이외에 Puumula virus, Hill virus가 있다. 최근에 환자로부터 한탄바이러스와는 구분되는 Seoul virus가 분리, 동정됨에 따라서 야외형(Hantaan virus)과 도시형(Seoul virus)이 병원체가 서로 다르다는 점이 알려졌다. 한국을 비롯하여 만주, 시베리아 등지에서 유행하는 질환으로 알려졌으나 한탄바이러스의 발견을 계기로 혈청검사가 가능해지자 한탄바이러스 내지는 이와 항원구조가 유사한 바이러스로 생기는 감염증이 세계 각처에 분포되어 있다는 것이 판명되었다. 계절적인 발생은 특이하며, 국내에서는 봄과 가을에 두 번의 유행이 있다고 하지만 최근에는 가을의 유행이 크다. 특징적인 육안적 소견은 콩팥속질의 출혈, 오른심방출혈, 뇌하수체 전엽의 괴사이며, 이밖에 후복강 연조직의 심한 부종, 체강내로 누출된 체액 저류, 장막의 산재성 출혈, 돌창자의 점막출혈, 폐부종 내지는 폐출혈 등이다. 조직소견의 특징은 여러 장기의 출혈과 콩팥속질, 뇌하수체, 부신 등에 생기는 초점성 응고성 괴사와 각 장기의 광범성 단핵세포 침윤이며, 세정맥이 확장되고 울혈이 생기고 혈장과 적혈구가 혈관외로 누출되고 부위에 따라서는 초점성 모세혈관 파열이 나타나 있다. |
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| AHC | academic health care; academic health center; acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis; acute hemorrhagic cy... |
|---|---|
| CJ | conjunctivitis |
| FC | fasciculus cuneatus; fast component [of a neuron]; febrile convulsions; feline conjunctivitis; ferri... |
| GPC | gastric parietal cell; gel permeation chromatography; giant papillary conjunctivitis; glycophorin C;... |
| TRIC | trachoma inclusion conjunctivitis [organism] |
| epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis | An acute infectious disease affecting children and young adults, caused by Neisseria meningitidis; characterised by nasopharyngeal catarrh, headache, vomiting, convulsions, stiffness in the neck (nuchal rigidity), photophobia, constipation, cutaneous hyperesthesia, a purpuric or herpetic eruption, and the presence of Kernig's sign. Fulminant form may cause Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. Synonym: cerebrospinal fever, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| epidemic curve | A graph in which the number of new cases of a disease is plotted against an interval of time to describe a specific epidemic or outbreak. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic diaphragmatic pleurisy | An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry pleurisy, epidemic diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic myalgia, epidemic myositis, myositis epidemica acuta, epidemic transient diaphragmatic spasm, Sylvest's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic disease | Marked increase in prevalence of a disease in a specific population or area, usually with an environmental cause, such as an infectious or toxic agent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic dropsy | A disease causing occasional epidemics in India and Mauritius; marked by oedema, anaemia, eruptive angiomatosis, and mild fever; may be associated with nutritional deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic encephalitis | A viral encephalitis occurring epidemically, such as in Japanese B encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and lethargic encephalitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic exanthema | A mild febrile illness of humans in Australia characterised by polyarthralgia and rash, caused by the Ross River virus, a member of the family Togaviridae, and transmitted by mosquitoes. Synonym: epidemic exanthema, Murray Valley rash, Ross River fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic fadeout | <epidemiology> Parasite extinction occurring because numbers are so low immediately following an epidemic that it is possible for small stochastic fluctuations to remove all parasites. Contrast endemic fadeout. (05 Dec 1998) |
| epidemic gangrenous proctitis | A generally fatal disease affecting chiefly children in the tropics, characterised by gangrenous ulceration of the rectum and anus, accompanied by frequent watery stools and tenesmus. Synonym: bicho, caribi, Indian sickness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic gastroenteritis virus | A RNA virus, about 27 nm in diameter, which has not been cultured in vitro; it is the cause of epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis; at least five antigenically distinct serotypes have been recognised, including the Norwalk agent. These viruses are probably classified with the Caliciviruses in the family Caliciviridae. Synonym: gastroenteritis virus type A. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic haemoglobinuria | The presence of haemoglobin, or of pigments derived from it, in the urine of young infants, attended with cyanosis, jaundice, and other conditions; may be due to secondary methemoglobinaemia; also called Winckel's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic haemorrhagic fever | A condition characterised by acute onset of headache, chills and high fever, sweating, thirst, photophobia, coryza, cough, myalgia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting; this phase lasts from three to six days and is followed by capillary and renal interstitial haemorrhages, oedema, oliguria, azotemia, and shock; most varieties are caused by arboviruses (togaviruses, arenaviruses, flaviviruses, and bunyaviruses), and are rodent-borne. Synonym: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Songo fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic hepatitis | A virus disease with a short incubation period (usually 15 to 50 days), caused by hepatitis A virus, a member of the family Picornaviridae, often transmitted by faecal-oral route; may be inapparent, mild, severe, or occasionally fatal and occurs sporadically or in epidemics, commonly in school-age children and young adults; necrosis of periportal liver cells with lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration is characteristic and jaundice is a common symptom. Synonym: epidemic hepatitis, hepatitis A, infectious hepatitis, MS-1 hepatitis, short incubation hepatitis, virus A hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic hiccup | A persistent hiccup occurring as a complication of influenza. (05 Mar 2000) |
| epidemic hysteria | Spontaneous, en masse development of identical physical and/or emotional symptoms among a group of individuals, as seen in a classroom of schoolchildren, a socially contagious frenzy of irrational behaviour in a group of people as a reaction to an event. Synonym: epidemic hysteria. (05 Mar 2000) |