| 영문 | gland | 한글 | 샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자신의 대상에 필요가 없는 물질을 만들어 분비하는 세포가 모여서 만드는 구조. 즉 분비물을 제조하는 세포가 모인 것이다. 선에는 내분비샘과 외분비샘의 2가지가 있다. 내분비샘이란 몸밖이 아닌 내부, 즉 직접 혈중으로 분비물을 분비하는 샘으로 이 때에 분비되는 물질을 호르몬이라고 한다. 이것은 주로 몸안의 다른 세포에 작용을 하여 그 세포의 대사, 분열 등의 변화를 초래하고 몸의 환경의 변화에 따른 적응을 돕는 역할을 한다. 외분비샘이란 몸밖으로 관구조를 통하여 분비물을 내보내는 샘을 말한다. |
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| 영문 | pineal gland | 한글 | 솔방울샘, 송과선 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌의 중앙선부위의 등쪽에 존재하는 내분비기관이다. 솔방울샘은 melatonin을 분비한다. 동물에서는 성분화발달에 기여하는 것으로 되어 있으나, 사람에서는 그 기능이 아직 명확치 않다. |
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| 영문 | prostate gland | 한글 | 전립샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 남성생식기의 외분비샘의 일종으로, 방광의 목부분과 요도를 둘러싸고 있다. 전립샘은 정액을 만드는 전립샘액을 분비하며 5개의 엽으로 구성되어 있다. |
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| 영문 | salivary gland | 한글 | 침샘, 타액선 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 입 속으로 침을 분비하는 외분비샘으로 인체에는 세 쌍의 침샘이 있는데 귀밑샘, 턱밑샘 및 혀밑샘이 그들이다. 침샘은 분류상으로 소화기계통의 한 장기이며, 소화관의 한 부속샘으로 구분된다. 혀밑샘은 그 외 구강 점막 내에 산재하고 있는 수많은 작은 침샘과 같이 묽은 용액을 끊임없이 분비하고 있지만, 귀밑샘과 턱밑샘은 자극을 받을 때만 침을 분비한다. |
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| 영문 | sebaceous gland | 한글 | 피부기름샘 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 피부의 피하조직에 있는 온분비샘(holocrine gland)으로 피부 기름이나, 그 외 기름 성분을 분비한다. |
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| AES | acetone-extracted serum; American Electroencephalographic Society; American Encephalographic Society... |
|---|---|
| EC | effective concentration; ejection click; electrochemical; electron capture; embryonal carcinoma; eme... |
| E&M | endocrine and metabolic |
| Endo | endocardial, endocardium; endocrine, endocrinology; endodontics; endotracheal |
| FMEN | familial multiple endocrine neoplasia |
| endocrine | Pertaining to internal secretions, hormonal. Compare: exocrine. Origin: Gr. Krinein = to separate (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| endocrine cells of gut | Cells found throughout the lining of the gastrointestinal tract that contain regulatory peptide hormones and/or biogenic amines. The substances are located in secretory granules and act in an endocrine or paracrine manner. Some of these substances are also found in neurons in the gut. There are at least 15 different types of endocrine cells of the gut. Some take up amine precursors and have been called apud cells. However, most endocrine cells of the gut apparently have endodermal rather than neuroectodermal origin, so the relationship with apud cells is not clear. (12 Dec 1998) |
| endocrine disorders | Disorders which involve the over-production or under-production of hormone substances from an endocrine gland. Some examples include diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Cushing's disease, Cushing's syndrome and acromegaly. (27 Sep 1997) |
| endocrine exophthalmos | Exophthalmos associated with thyroid gland disorders. See: Graves' ophthalmopathy, Graves' orbitopathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endocrine glands | Ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| endocrine hormones | Hormones produced by the endocrine system. Compare: tissue hormones. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endocrine manipulation | Treating breast cancer by changing the hormonal balance of the body to prevent hormone dependent cancer cells from multiplying. (09 Oct 1997) |
| endocrine ophthalmopathy | Exophthalmos caused by increased water content of retro-ocular orbital tissues; associated with thyroid disease, usually hyperthyroidism. Synonym: endocrine ophthalmopathy, Graves' orbitopathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endocrine surgical procedures | Surgery performed on any endocrine gland. (12 Dec 1998) |
| endocrine system | The system of glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the circulatory system. In addition to the endocrine glands, included are the chromaffin system and the neurosecretory systems. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tuberculosis, endocrine | Tuberculous infection of the endocrine glands. (12 Dec 1998) |
| familial multiple endocrine adenomatosis | The presence of functioning tumours in more than one endocrine gland, commonly the pancreatic islets and parathyroid glands, which may be associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome; dominant inheritance. Synonym: multiple endocrine adenomatosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bladder neoplasms | Cancers or tumours of the bladder. The majority of bladder neoplasms are of the transitional cell variety and are usually papillary and multicentric. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone marrow neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such as myeloma. most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast neoplasms, male | Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being about 1% of that in females. Two-thirds of patients present with intraductal carcinoma. The average age of onset is 60 years for men. Orchiectomy was the standard treatment but it has been replaced by tamoxifen as the initial therapy since oestrogen-receptor-positive tumours are predominant in males. Orchiectomy and mastectomy may be used if initial drug therapy is not successful. The prognosis is worse than that for females. (12 Dec 1998) |