| 영문 | hyaline membrane disease | 한글 | 유리질막병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 허파 성숙도의 미숙으로 허파꽈리를 팽창시키는 물질(표면활성제)이 부족하여 호흡곤란이 초래되는 병으로서 미숙아에 호발하는데, 출생시 임신기간보다도 허파 성숙 정도가 더 관여된다. 단일 병으로서는 사망률이 가장 높으며(약 30%), 신생아의 대표적인 병이다. 임상적으로는 미숙아, 생후 6~8시간내 호흡곤란증세 출현과 생후 24~48시간의 증상 악화, 생후 2~3일간 인공적으로 산소를 공급하지 않으면 호흡을 계속시킬 수가 없으며 점점더 산소의 공급 의존도가 높아지며, 동맥혈액속의 산소농도가 내려가고 이산화탄소의 농도가 높으며, 흉부 방사선 소견을 참작하여 진단한다. 환아는 숙련된 간호 인력과 첨단 의료 장비가 설치된 신생아 집중 치료실에서 치료하여야 한다. 예후는 증세의 경중에 따라 다르고 사망률은 30~50% 된다. 어떤 아기에 있어서는 치료 후에 눈이나 기관지허파 계통에 장애를 일으키는 산소중독증이 보고되고 있다. |
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| 영문 | plasma membrane | 한글 | 형질막 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 원형질 표면을 덮는 엷은막. 두께는 5~25μm이다. 광학현미경으로는 관찰할 수 없지만 전자현미경으로 관찰이 가능하다. 원형질막의 분자구조는 레시틴이나 콜레스테롤 등의 표면 활성물질 분자가 2분자층으로 그 표면에 배열되며, 이것을 각 1분자층의 단백질 분자가 양쪽에서 샌드위치한 단위막 구조이다. 전자현미경적으로 이 단위는 암-명-암의 3층(각 약 20nm)으로 구별된다. 원형질의 투과성에 중요한 구실을 하며, 생리상태가 변하면 그 투과성도 신속히 변한다. 또, 손상이 되면 쉽게 새로 형성된다. |
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| ESP | early systolic paradox; echo spacing; effective sensory projection; effective systolic pressure; end... |
|---|---|
| MEC | median effective concentration; middle ear canal; middle ear cell; minimum effective concentration |
| JVP | [POMD P 49 - 52] 1) Jugular Vein Pressure 2) Jugular Venous Pulse ... |
| AR | absolute risk; accounts receivable; achievement ratio; actinic reticuloid [syndrome]; active resista... |
| EPR | early progressive resistance; electron paramagnetic resonance; electronic patient record; electrophr... |
| airway resistance | The opposition of the tracheobronchial tree to air flow: the mouth-to-alveoli pressure difference divided by the air flow. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| ampicillin resistance | Nonsusceptibility of a microbe to the action of ampicillin, a penicillin derivative that interferes with cell wall synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| androgen resistance syndromes | A class of disorders associated with 5a-steroid reductase deficiency, testicular feminization, and related disorders. Compare: steroid 5a-reductase, Reifenstein's syndrome, infertile male syndrome, testicular feminization syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antibiotic resistance | The ability of a bacterium tosynthesise a protein that neutralises an antibiotic. (09 Oct 1997) |
| antibiotic resistance gene | Genes in a microorganism which confer resistance to antibiotics, for example by coding for enzymes which destroy it, by coding for surface proteins which prevent it from entering the microorganism, or by being a mutant form of the antibiotic's target so that it can ignore it. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage resistance | Resistance of a bacterial mutant to infection by a bacteriophage to which the parent (wild type) strain is susceptible. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-lactam resistance | Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of the beta-lactam antibiotics. (12 Dec 1998) |
| capillary resistance | The resistance offered to the flow of blood through the capillary portion of the peripheral vascular bed. (12 Dec 1998) |
| capillary resistance test | A tourniquet test used to determine presence of vitamin C deficiency or thrombocytopenia; a circle 2.5 cm in diameter, the upper edge of which is 4 cm below the crease of the elbow, is drawn on the inner aspect of the forearm, pressure midway between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure is applied above the elbow for 15 minutes, and a count of petechiae within the circle is made: 10, normal; 10 to 20, marginal zone; over 20, abnormal. See: Rumpel-Leede test. Synonym: capillary resistance test, vitamin C test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vascular resistance | An expression of the resistance offered by the systemic arterioles, and to a lesser extent by the capillaries, to the flow of blood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| resistance | The failure of a condition to respond or remit following treatment. (16 Dec 1997) |
| resistance, antibiotic | The ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to withstand an antibiotic to which they were once sensitive (and were once stalled or killed outright). Also called drug resistance. (12 Dec 1998) |
| resistance factor | <molecular biology> A self-replicating fragment of nucleic acid that confers drug resistance and is transmitted from one bacterium to another via conjugation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| resistance factors | Plasmid's carrying genes responsible for antibiotic (or antibacterial drug) resistance among bacteria (notably Enterobacteriaceae); they may be conjugative or nonconjugative plasmid's, the former possessing transfer genes (resistance transfer factor) lacking in the latter. Synonym: R factors, R plasmids, resistance factors, resistance-transferring episomes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| resistance form | The shape given to a cavity preparation that enables the dental restoration to withstand masticatory forces. (05 Mar 2000) |