| ICM | inner cell mass; integrated conditional model; intercostal margin; International Confederation of Mi... |
|---|---|
| MAU | multi-attribute utility [model] |
| MIC | maternal and infant care; medical intensive care; Medical Interfraternity Conference; microscopy; mi... |
| OSI | open systems interconnection [reference model] |
| PBPK | physiologically based pharmacokinetic [model] |
| developmental milestones | <paediatrics> (1-3 years) In ascending order: masters walking, recognises gender differences, uses up to 8 words and understands simple commands, able to run, pivot and walk backwards, uses spoon to feed self, can name pictures of common objects, can point to body parts, imitates speech of others, begins pedaling tricycle, learns to take turns in play with other children, able to feed self neatly with minimal spill, able to say first and last name, able to draw a line when shown, dresses self with minimal help, learns to share toys without parent direction (12-18 years) In ascending order: boys exhibit secondary sexual characteristics (chest, facial, axillary and pubic hair growth voice changes, penile enlargement), movement into adult height/weight category, cognitive abilities move from simply concrete to abstract, peer acceptance and recognition is vital (3-6 years) In ascending order: rides tricycle well, able to draw a circle, able to draw stick figures, hops on one foot, catches a bounced ball, understands size concepts, enjoys rhymes and word play, able to skip, increased independence in performing tasks without parental assistance, begins to ride bicycle, understands time concepts, begins to recognise written words, starts reading skills, starts school (6-12 years) In ascending order: understands and is able to follow sequential directions, beginning skills for team sports, begins to lose baby teeth and erupt permanent teeth, reading skills develop further, peer recognition becomes important, girls begin to demonstrate secondary sexual characteristics (pubic hair, axillary hair, breast development), first menstrual period may occur (birth-1 year) In ascending order: displays social smile, rolls over by self, able to sit alone without support, babbling, plays peek-a-boo, eruption of first tooth, pulls self to standing position, walks while holding on to furniture or other support, says mama or dada in proper situations, able to drink from cup, understands NO and will stop activity in response, walks without support (27 Sep 1997) |
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| developmental psychology | The study of the psychological, physiological, and behavioural changes in an organism that occur from birth to old age. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Adair-Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer model | <biochemistry, chemistry> A model to explain the allosteric form of cooperativity; in this model, in the absence of ligands, the protein exists in only one conformation; upon binding, the ligand induces a conformational change that may be transmitted to other subunits. Synonym: Adair-Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer model, induced fit model. (05 Mar 2000) |
| additive model | A model in which the combined effect of several factors is the sum of the effects that would be produced by each of the factors in the absence of the others. (05 Mar 2000) |
| age-structured model | <epidemiology> A mathematical model which take into consideration the division of the host population into different age classes. Such models can used to consider the consequences of such factors as age-dependent infection, morbidity or mortality rates or of age-specific vaccination schedules. (05 Dec 1998) |
| animal model | Study in a population of laboratory animals that uses conditions of animals analogous to conditions of humans to simulate processes comparable to those that occur in human populations. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bingham model | A model representing the flow behaviour of a Bingham plastic, in the idealised case. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biomedical model | A conceptual model of illness that excludes psychological and social factors and includes only biological factors in an attempt to understand a person's medical illness or disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biopsychosocial model | A conceptual model that assumes that psychological and social factors must also be included along with the biological in understanding a person's medical illness or disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| genetic model | A formalised conjecture about the behaviour of a heritable structure in which the component terms are intended to have literal interpretation as standard structures of empirical genetics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mathematical model | <epidemiology> A formal framework to convey ideas about the components of a host-parasite interaction. Construction requires three major types of information: (a) a clear understanding of the interaction within the individual host between the infectious agent and the host, (b) the mode and rate of transmission between individuals, and (c) host population characteristics such as demography and behaviour. Mathematical models can aid exploration of the behaviour of the system under various conditions from which to determine the dominant factors generating observed patterns and phenomena. They also aid data collection and interpretation and parameter estimation, and provide tools for identifying possible approaches to control and for assessing the potential impact of different intervention measures. (05 Dec 1998) |
| catalytic model | <epidemiology> A (rather misleading name for a) type of compartmental model in which the force of infection is treated as a parameter to be estimated. (05 Dec 1998) |
| pathological model | An animal or animal stock that by inheritance or by artificial manipulation develops a disorder similar to some disease of interest and hence directly or by analogy furnishes evidence of its pathogenesis and may be used as a model for the study of preventive or therapeutic measures. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medical model | A set of assumptions that views behavioural abnormalities in the same framework as physical disease or abnormalities. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cloverleaf model | A model for the structure of tRNA; so named because the structure roughly resembles a cloverleaf. (05 Mar 2000) |