| compression thrombosis | Thrombosis due to arrest of the circulation in a vessel by compression, as from a tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| compression wave | <radiobiology> Waves where the quantity which oscillates is the density of the medium, that is the medium at a given point alternately compresses and expands. Low-amplitude compression waves in air or water are commonly known as sound waves, shock waves are a high-amplitude form. Synonym: density wave. (13 Jan 1998) |
| heat of compression | Heat produced when a gas is compressed. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spinal cord compression | A condition in which pressure is exerted on the spinal cord, as by a tumour, spinal fracture, etc. Its manifestations, which vary with location and degree of pressure, may include pain, paresthesias, and sensory and motor disturbances. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve compression syndromes | Repeated or prolonged pressure on a nerve root or peripheral nerve leading to ischemia, the response to which is oedema above and below the source of pressure. If the pressure is not relieved, fibrosis tends to develop. Types of nerve compression syndromes are the neuropathy caused by intervertebral disk herniation, compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, compression of the ulnar nerve in the elbow, and compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh in meralgia paresthetica. This is also called pressure neuropathy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| eyeball compression reflex | Slowing of the heart rate due to the vagal effects of compressing an eyeball. Synonym: eyeball compression reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ulnar nerve compression syndrome | <syndrome> A condition caused by compression or entrapment of the ulnar nerve. It may involve both sensory and motor problems and most often results from compression or entrapment of the ulnar nerve at the elbow (cubital tunnel syndrome). Compression of the nerve may occur during normal activities or as a complication of general anaesthesia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| apophysial fracture | Separation of apophysis from bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| articular fracture | A fracture involving the joint surface of a bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atlas fracture | <radiology> Incidence: 4% of cervical spine injuries, site: posterior arch, anterior arch, massa lateralis, Jefferson fracture associated with: fractures of C7 (25%), fractures of C2 pedicle (15%), extraspinal fractures (58%) (12 Dec 1998) |
| avulsion fracture | A fracture that occurs when a joint capsule, ligament, or muscle insertion of origin is pulled from the bone as a result of a sprain dislocation or strong contracture of the muscle against resistance; as the soft tissue is pulled away from the bone, a fragment or fragments of the bone may come away with it. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axis fracture | <radiology> Incidence: 6% of cervical spine injuries, associated with atlas fractures in 8%, hyperflexion injury: odontoid fracture, type I avulsion of tip of odontoid (5-8%) difficult to detect, type II fracture through base of dens (54-67%) complication: nonunion, type III subdental injury (30-33%) prognosis: good, Differential diagnosis: os odontoideum, ossiculum terminale, hypoplasia/aplasia of dens, hyperextension injury: hangman's fracture (12 Dec 1998) |
| barton fracture | <radiology> Intra-articular fracture of distal radius, dorsal displacement of separated fragment, due to fall on outstretched hand see: wrist fractures (12 Dec 1998) |
| Barton's fracture | Fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal skull fracture | <orthopaedics> A fracture involving the base of the cranium. This fracture is often difficult to detect clinically. Findings may include raccoon eyes, Battle's sign, haemotympanum and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea. Plain skull X-ray will often not reveal the basal skull fracture, making a CT scan or MRI the most reliable diagnostic investigation. (15 Nov 1997) |
| compression fracture |
an injury to the spine in which one or more vertebrae collapse. If the collapse is only in the front part of the spine, it becomes wedge shaped and is called a compression fracture or wedge fracture. However, if the vertebral body is crushed in all directions it is called a burst fracture.
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