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"closed system"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»ö °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °Ë»ö °á°ú º¸´Â µµÁß¿¡ Tab ۸¦ ´©¸£½Ã¸é °Ë»ö âÀÌ ¼±Åõ˴ϴÙ.
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¿µ¹® male reproductive system ÇÑ±Û ³²¼º»ý½Ä±â°è
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  ³²¼ºÀÇ »ý½Ä±â´Â ¿©·¯ ±â°üÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. °íȯ, ºÎ°íȯ, Á¤°ü, Á¤³¶, Àü¸³»ù, ¿ÜºÎ¼º±â(À½°æ) µîÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ´Âµ¥, ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÚ¸¦ »ý¼ºÇϴ °÷Àº ´Ü ÇÑ °÷ °íȯ»ÓÀ̸ç, ³ª¸ÓÁö ±â°üÀº À̸¦ µ½´Â ±â´ÉÀ» ¼öÇàÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤Àڴ °íȯÀÇ Á¤¼¼°üÀ̶õ °÷¿¡¼­ ¸¸µé¾îÁø µÚ¿¡ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í ±ä ¿©Á¤À» ½ÃÀÛÇϰԠµÈ´Ù. ±× µÚ ºÎ°íȯÀ» Áö³ª Á» ´õ ¼º¼÷ÇØ Áø µÚ¿¡ Á¤°ü¿¡¼­ Á¤³¶ÀÇ ºÐºñ¹°°ú ¸¸³ª°í ´Ù½Ã ¿äµµ·Î ³ª°¡°Ô µÈ´Ù. À̶§ ¿äµµ µÚÂÊ¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϴ Àü¸³»ùÀÇ ºÐºñ¹°ÀÌ ÇÕÃÄÁö°Ô µÇ°í ÀÌ Á¤¾×Àº ¿ÜºÎ¼º±â¸¦ °ÅÃļ­ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª°¡°Ô µÈ´Ù.
  
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¿µ¹® lymphatic system ÇÑ±Û ¸²ÇÁ°è
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  ´ë°³ ¸Æ°ü°è¶ó°í Çϸé, Ç÷°ü°è¿Í ¸²ÇÁ°ü°è¸¦ ÇÕÃļ­ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁß¿¡ ¸²ÇÁ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â ÇϳªÀÇ °èÅëÀÌ´Ù.
¿µ¹® immune system ÇÑ±Û ¸é¿ªÃ¼°è
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  ¼¼Æ÷¼ººÐ ¹× ºÐÀÚ¼ººÐÀÇ º¹ÇÕü°è·Î¼­, ÀÌÀÇ ÀÏÂ÷±â´ÉÀº ÀÚ±â(self)¸¦ ºñÀÚ±â(not self)·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸º°ÇÏ°í ¿ÜºÎ»ý¹° ¶Ç´Â ¹°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¹æ¾îÇϴ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÏÂ÷ÀûÀΠ¼¼Æ÷¼ººÐÀº ¸²ÇÁ±¸¿Í Å«Æ÷½Ä¼¼Æ÷À̸ç ÀÏÂ÷ÀûÀΠºÐÀÚ¼ººÐÀº Ç×ü¿Í ¸²Æ÷Ä«ÀÎÀÌ´Ù.
  
  
¿µ¹® urinary system ÇÑ±Û ºñ´¢±â°èÅë
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  ºñ´¢±â°èÅëÀ̶óÇϸé ÄáÆÏÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇØ¼­ ¿ä°ü, ¹æ±¤, ¿äµµ¿¡ À̸£´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¿ÀÁÜ»ý¼º ¹× ÀúÀå, ¹è¼³±â°üÀ» ÀÏÄ´´Ù. ÄáÆÏÀº ±æÀÌ ¾à 2.5cm, Æø ¾à 5.1cm, µÎ²² ¾à 2.5cm, ¹«°Ô ¾à 120~160gmÀ¸·Î¼­, ³»Ãø¿¡ ÄáÆÏ¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ¾î Ç÷°ü, ½Å°æ, ¿ä°üÀÌ ÃâÀÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÄáÆÏÀº ¼ÓÁú°ú °ÑÁú·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¼öÁúÀº 10~15°³ÀÇ Ãßü(¿ÀÁÜÀ» ¸ðÀ¸´Â ¿ªÇÒ)¸¦ Çü¼ºÇ졒ʡÑÁúÀº ¾à 100¸¸°³ÀÇ ÄáÆÏ´ÜÀ§À¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ä¼¼°üÀº Å丮ÂÊ´¢¼¼°ü, Çî·¹°í¸®, ¸ÕÂÊ´¢¼¼°ü, ÁýÇÕ°üÀ¸·Î Çü¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ãßü¿Í ¼úÀÜ, ±ò¶§±â¸¦ °ÅÃÄ ¿ä°üÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÈ´Ù.
  
  ÄáÆÏÀº Ç÷¾×À» ¿©°úÇÏ¿© ½Åü ½ÅÁø´ë»çÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾»ê¹°À» ¿ÀÁÜÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¹è¼³Çϸç, ¼¼Æ÷¿Ü¾×(extracellular fluid)ÀÇ ÀüÇØÁú³óµµ¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÑ´Ù. ÄáÆÏ¿¡¼­ Çü¼ºµÈ ¿ÀÁܴ ¿ä°üÀ» °ÅÃÄ ¹æ±¤¿¡¼­ ÀúÀåµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°¡ Àû´çÇÑ ½Ã±â°¡ µÇ¸é ¿äµµ¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¿Ü°è·Î ¹èÃâµÈ´Ù.
¿µ¹® reproductive system ÇÑ±Û »ý½Ä±â°èÅë
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  1.³²¼º»ý½Ä°èÅë: ³²¼º»ý½Ä±â´Â Á¤ÀÚ(sperm)¸¦ »ý¼ºÇϴ °íȯ°ú Á¤ÀÚÀÇ ¼º¼÷, ¿î¹Ý, ±×¸®°í »çÁ¤¿¡ °ü¿©Çϴ ºÎ°íȯ, Á¤°ü, À½°æ(penis) µîÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ºÎ¼Ó±â°üÀ¸·Î ¿ÜºÐºñ»ùÀΠÁ¤³¶(seminal vesicle), Àü¸³»ù(prostate), ¿äµµ¸Á¹°»ù(bulbourethral gland, Cowper¡¯s gland) µîÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù. °íȯÀº Á¤ÀÚ¸¦ »ý»êÇϴ »ý½Ä»ùÀΠµ¿½Ã¿¡ ³²¼ºÈ£¸£¸ó(testosterone)À» ºÐºñÇϴ ³»ºÐºñ»ùÀÌ´Ù. °íȯ¿¡¼­ ºÐºñµÇ´Â ³²¼ºÈ£¸£¸óÀº Á¤ÀÚ»ý¼º°ú »ý½Ä±âÀÇ ¹ß´Þ ¹× À¯Áö¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀΠ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇϹǷΠ³²¼º»ý½Ä±â´ÉÀÇ ¿øÃµÀº °íȯ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
  
  2.¿©¼º»ý½Ä°èÅë: ¿©¼º»ý½Ä±â´Â ³­ÀÚ¸¦ »ý¼ºÇϴ ³­¼Ò¿Í ³­ÀÚ¸¦ ÀÚ±ÃÀ¸·Î ¿î¹ÝÇϴ ³­°ü, ±×¸®°í Àڱðú Áú·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¿ÜºÐºñ¼±ÀΠ¹Ù¸£Å縰»ù¸¦ °®Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³­¼Ò´Â ³­ÀÚ¸¦ »ý¼ºÇϴ »ý½Ä»ùÀΠµ¿½Ã¿¡ ¿©¼ºÈ£¸£¸óÀ» ºÐºñÄÉÇϴ ³»ºÐºñ»ùÀÌ´Ù. ¿ù°æÁÖ±â Àü¹ÝºÎ¿¡ ³­ÀÚ¸¦ »ý¼º½Ã۱âÀ§ÇØ ¼º¼÷µÇ°í Àִ ³­Æ÷¿¡¼­ ºÐºñµÇ´Â ¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°ÕÀº ¿©¼º 2Â÷ ¼ºÂ¡ÀÇ ¹ß´ÞÀ» °üÀåÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àڱ󻸷À» ÀåÂ÷ ¼öÁ¤µÉ ¼öÁ¤¶õÀÌ Âø»óÇϱ⿡ ¾Ë¸ÂÀº »óÅ·Π¸¸µé¾îÁØ´Ù. ³­ÀÚ°¡ ºÐºñµÇ°í ³²Àº È²Ã¼¿¡¼­ ºÐºñµÇ´Â Çª·Î°Ô½ºÅ×·ÐÀº Àڱ󻸷À» º×µµ·Ï Çϸ頺кñ¾×À» Áõ°¡½Ã۸ç ÀڱñÙÀÇ ¼öÃàÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏ¿© ÀӽŽàÀÓ½ÅÀ» Áö¼Ó½Ã۴ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • closed vitrectomy
    Æó¼âÀ¯¸®Ã¼ÀýÁ¦(¼ú)
  • closed-chain compound
    ´ÝÈù»ç½½È­ÇÕ¹°
  • Apgar scoring system
    ¾ÆÇÁ°¡Á¡¼öÆò°¡¹ý
  • array system
    ¹è¿­ÀåÄ¡, ¹è¿­Ã¼°è
  • auditory system
    û°¢°èÅë, û°¢°è
  • autonomic nervous system
    ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÅë, ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°è
  • ABO blood group system
    ABOÇ÷¾×Çüü°è
  • air medical transport system
    Ç×°øÀÇ·á¼ö¼Ûü°è
  • alimentary system
    ¼ÒÈ­°èÅë, ¼ÒÈ­°è
  • Bethesda system
    º£µ¥½º´ÙºÐ·ù(¹ý)
  • biliary system
    ¾µ°³°èÅë, ´ãµµ°è
  • blood group system
    Ç÷¾×Çüü°è
  • buffer system
    ¿ÏÃæ°è
  • circuit system
    ¼øÈ¯½Äȸ·Î
  • circulatory system
    ¼øÈ¯°èÅë, ¼øÈ¯°è
´ëÇÑÀÇÇù Çʼö ÀÇÇпë¾îÁý »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • reproductive system
    »ý½Ä°èÅë
  • respiratory system
    È£Èí°èÅë
  • reticuloendothelial system
    ±×¹°³»ÇǰèÅë, ¼¼¸Á³»ÇǰèÅë
  • stereotactic system
    Á¤À§°íÁ¤±â
  • urinary system
    ºñ´¢°èÅë
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • closed cup flash test
    ¹ÐÆó½ÄÀÎÈ­Á¡°Ë»ç
  • closed dressing method
    Æó¼âºØ´ë¹ý
  • closed loop obstruction
    ¸·ÈùâÀÚ¸·Èû
  • ABO blood group system
    ¿¡À̺ñ¿ÀÇ÷¾×Çü±º
  • aerospace life support system
    ¿ìÁÖ»ý¸íÀ¯Áö°èÅë
  • affectional system
    Á¤µ¿Ã¼°è, °¨Á¤Ã¼°è
  • alimentary system
    ¼ÒÈ­°èÅë
  • anaerobic culture system
    ¹«»ê¼Ò¹è¾ç±â
  • ancillary immune system
    º¸Á¶¸é¿ª°è
  • Apgar scoring system
    ¾ÆÇÁ°¡Á¡¼öÆò°¡¹ý
  • archicortical system
    ¿ø½Ã°ÑÁú°è
  • array system
    ¹è¿­ÀåÄ¡, ¹è¿­Ã¼°è
  • auditory system
    û°¢°èÅë
  • autonomic nervous system
    ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÅë
  • system analysis
    °èÅëºÐ¼®
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 2 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • Fisher-Race system
    Çǽ¬-·¹À̽º ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • Gastrointestinal system
    À§Àå°ü°è(êÖíóηͧ)
  • General anesthesia, reticular activating system and.
    Àü½Å¸¶Ãë(îïãóئö­), ¸Á»óüȰ¼ºÈ­°è(ØÑßÒô÷üÀàõûùͧ)
  • Glycogen-lactic acid system
    ±Û¸®ÄÚ°Õ-¶ôÆ®»ê°è
  • Haversian system
    »À ´ÜÀ§<°ñ¿ø>, ÇϹö½º °èÅë(¡­Í§÷Ö).
  • Haversian system
    »À´ÜÀ§<°ñ¿ø>, ÇϹö½º°è Åë(¡­Í§÷Ö).
  • Haversian system
    ÇϹö½º°è
  • Hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system
    ½Ã»óÇϺÎ-Çϼöü ¹®¸Æ°è(ãÊßÉù»Ý» ù»á÷ô÷ Ú¦ØæÍ§)
  • Immune system
    ¸é¿ªÃ¼°è(Øóæ¹ô÷ͧ)
  • International System of Unit
    ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§°è
  • Jackson-Rees anesthetic circuit system
    Àè½¼-¸® ¸¶ÃëÀåÄ¡
  • Kell blood group system
    ÄÌÇ÷¾×Çü±º
  • Kell system
    ÄÌÇ÷¾×Çü.
  • Kidd blood group system
    ۵åÇ÷¾×Çü±º
  • Lewis blood group system
    ·çÀ̽º Ç÷¾×Çü±º
¿¾ ´ëÇÑÀÇÇù 3 ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • closed loop obstruction
    ¸·Èù ÀåÆó¼â
  • closed nephrostomic canaliculus
    ¸·ÈùÄáÆÏÀÔ¼¼°ü
  • closed pneumothorax
    Æó¼â(¼º)±âÈä(øÍáðàõѨýØ).
  • closed portion
    ¸·ÈùºÎºÐ
  • closed reduction
    µµ¼öÁ¤º¹(Óùâ¢ïÚÜÙ), ºñ°üÇ÷Àû(°ñ)Á¤º¹¼ú(ުκúìîÜÍéïÚÜÖâú).
  • closed thoracostomy
    Æó¼â¼º Èä°­»ð°ü¹è¾×¼ú.
  • closed vitrectomy
    Æó¼âÀ¯¸®Ã¼ÀýÁ¦(¼ú)
  • external cardiac massage ; closed chest ca r diac massage
    ÆóÈä½ÉÀ帶»çÁö.¸¶Ãëºñ°³Èä½É(Àå)¸¶»çÁö, ü¿Ü½É¸¶»çÁö.
  • external cardiac massage ; closed chest cardiac massage
    ÆóÈä½ÉÀ帶»çÁö.¸¶Ãëºñ°³Èä½É(Àå)¸¶»çÁö, ü¿Ü½É¸¶»çÁö.
  • injury, closed
    Æó¼â¼º ¿Ü»ó(Æó¼â¼º¿Ü»ó).
  • wound closed
    Æó¼â¼º(Æó¼â¼º) â»ó.
  • wound closed
    Æó¼â¼º(øÍáðàõ) â»ó
  • transverse tubular system =T system
    ÀÌ ·Î¼Ò°ü°èÅë, T°è(¡­Í§), ȾÇà¼Ò°ü°è(üôú¼á³Î·Í§) ±Ù(ÐÉ)ÀÇ .
  • achromatic system
    ¹«»ö°è.
  • acid-base buffer system
    »ê¿°±â¿ÏÃæ°è
´ëÇÑ»ýÈ­ÇкÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐȸ ¿ë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • charge transfer relay system
    ÀüÇÏÀ̵¿(ï³ùÃì¹ÔÑ) ¸±·¹ÀÌ ¾¾½ºÅÛ
  • cyclophorase system
    »çÀÌŬ·ÎÆ÷·¹À̽º ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • digestive system
    ¼ÒÈ­(á¼ûù)½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • DNA replicase system
    DNA ·¹Çø®ÄÉÀ̽º ½Ã½ºÅÛ (ÔÒ) replisome
  • ecological system
    »ýÅÂÇÐÀû(ßæ÷¾ùÊîÜ) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • electron transfer system
    ÀüÀÚÀü´Þ(ï³í­îîÓ¹) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • electron transport system
    ÀüÀÚ¼ö¼Û(ï³í­âÃáê) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • endocrine system
    ³»ºÐºñ¼±(Ò®ÝÂù²àÊ) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • endomembrane system
    ³»¸·(Үد) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • energy-regenerating system
    ¿¡³ÊÁö Àç»ý(î¢ßæ) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • enzyme system
    È¿¼Ò (ý£áÈ) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • extrinsic system
    ¿ÜÀÎ(èâì×) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • FAS system
    FAS ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • fatty acid synthetase system
    Áö¹æ»ê ÇÕ¼º È¿¼Ò(ò·Û¸ß«ùêà÷ý£áÈ)½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • genetic system
    À¯Àü(ë¶îî) ½Ã½ºÅÛ
KI ÀÇÇпë¾î »çÀü °Ë»ö À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 11 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
  • OCS(order communication system)
    ó¹æÀü´Þü°è
  • operating system [=OS]
    ¿î¿µÃ¼°è
  • OS [=operating system]
    ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦
  • PACS [=picture archiving and communicating system]
    ÆÑ½º, ¿µ»óÀúÀå ¹× Àü¼Ûü°è
  • portal system
    ¹®¸Æ°è
  • radiologic information system(RIS)
    ¹æ»ç¼±°ú Á¤º¸È­Ã¼°è
  • real time system
    ½Ç½Ã°£Ã¼°è
  • reproductive system
    »ý½Ä±â°èÅë
  • reticuloendothelial system
    ¼¼¸Á³»Çǰè, ¸Á³»°è
  • urinary system
    ºñ´¢±â°è
  • vegetative nervous system
    ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°è
KMLE ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
CBD carotid body denervation; closed bladder drainage; common bile duct
CC calcaneal-cuboid; calcium cyclamate; cardiac catheterization; cardiac contusion; cardiac cycle; card...
cccDNA covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid
CCCR closed chest cardiac resuscitation
CCCT closed craniocerebral trauma
KMLE ÀÚµ¿ÃßÃâ ÀÇÇоà¾î »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 5 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
CCC Covalently closed circular
cccDNA Covalently closed circular DNA
C closed
EC eyes closed
T system tubular system
°æºÏ´ë Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°ú ±³½Ç »çÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
  • ¿µ¹®
    ÇѱÛ
    ¼³¸í
  • ABO blood group system
    ABO Ç÷¾×Çü°è, ABO Ç÷¾×Çü °èÅë
    A, B´Â ¿ì¼º, O´Â ¿­¼ºÀ¸·Î¼­, A, B, AB, OÇüÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
  • ABO system
    ABO Çü, ABO °èÅë
  • achromatic system
    ¹«»ö°è
  • aerospace life support system
    ¿ìÁÖ¿ë »ý¸í À¯Áö ½Ã½ºÅÛ
  • affecting multiple system
    ´Ù¹ß¼º °èÅëÀ» ħ¹üÇÑ
  • affectional system
    Á¤µ¿ ü°è
  • afferent system
    ±¸½É ½Å°æ°è
  • alloy system
    Çձݰè
  • analgesia system
    ÁøÅë°è
    ÁßÃß ½Å°æ°è°¡ °¡Áø µ¿ÅëÀ» ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ½Å°æ Á¶Á÷. ÁÖ·Î ½Å°æ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ o
  • aqueous system
    ¼ö¼º°è
  • ArF system emission spectra
    ArF°è ¹æÃâ ½ºÆåÆ®·³
  • ascending projection system
    »óÇà Åõ»ç°è
  • autologous blood recovery system
    ÀÚ°¡ Ç÷¾× ȸº¹ ÀåÄ¡
  • autonomic nervous system
    ÀÚÀ² ½Å°æ°è, ÀÚÀ² ½Å°æ°èÅë
    ºÒ¼öÀǼºÀ¸·Î »ýü ±â´ÉÀ» Á¶Àý. ½Åü Àü¹Ý¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆòȰ±Ù°ú ¼±Á¶Á÷¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â ¸»ÃʽŰæ°èÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿îµ¿
  • autonomic nervous system arousal
    ÀÚÀ² ½Å°æ°è °¢¼º
CancerWEB ¿µ¿µ ÀÇÇлçÀü À¯»ç °Ë»ö °á°ú : 15 ÆäÀÌÁö: 2
closed reading frame A sequence of DNA that cannot be translated into a viable protein; usually due to the interruption by one or more termination codons.
Synonym: closed reading frame.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed reduction The physical manipulation of a joint or bone externally (without making a surgical incision) to affect a joint relocation or more proper anatomic alignment of broken bone fragments. Closed reductions are often performed using intravenous analgesics, local anaesthetic nerve blocks or regional anaesthesia.
(27 Sep 1997)
closed reduction of fractures Reduction by manipulation of bone, without incision in the skin.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed skull fracture Fracture with intact overlying scalp and/or mucous membranes.
Synonym: simple skull fracture.
(05 Mar 2000)
closed surgery Surgery without incision into skin, e.g., reduction of a fracture or dislocation.
(05 Mar 2000)
covalently closed circular DNA <molecular biology> A circular molecule of double-stranded DNA which is supercoiled, or coiled up on itself due to internal tensions, because there are no breaks in the phosphate backbone (upon which the nucleotide bases are mounted) to relieve the tensions and allow it to form an open circle.
(09 Oct 1997)
head injuries, closed Organic or functional damage resulting from trauma to the head where continuity of the scalp and mucous membranes is maintained. When brain injury results from closed head injuries, the primary cause is mechanical stretching and shearing of nerve fibres. Also common are focal intracranial lesions including haematomas and contusions.
(12 Dec 1998)
semi-closed anaesthesia Inhalation anaesthesia using a circuit in which a portion of the exhaled air is exhausted from the circuit and a portion is rebreathed following absorption of carbon dioxide.
(05 Mar 2000)
semi-closed circle A circuit for administration of an inhalation anaesthetic in which partial rebreathing with carbon dioxide absorption is combined with loss from the circuit of a portion of respired gases through valves.
(05 Mar 2000)
ecological systems, closed Systems that provide for the maintenance of life in an isolated living chamber through reutilization of the material available, in particular, by means of a cycle wherein exhaled carbon dioxide, urine, and other waste matter are converted chemically or by photosynthesis into oxygen, water, and food.
(12 Dec 1998)
fractures, closed Fractures in which the break in bone is not accompanied by an external wound.
(12 Dec 1998)
absolute system of units A system based on absolute units accepted as being fundamental (length, mass, time) and from which other units (force, energy or work, power) are derived; such system's in common use are the foot-pound-second, centimeter-gram-second, and meter-kilogram-second system's.
(05 Mar 2000)
absorbent system <anatomy> The tissues and organs (including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus and lymph nodes) that produce and store cells that fight infection and the network of vessels that carry lymph.
(12 May 1997)
alimentary system The organs that are responsible for getting food into and out of the body and for making use of food to keep the body healthy. These include the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum.
(12 Dec 1998)
anterolateral system A composite bundle of fibres, located in the ventrolateral part of the lateral funiculus, containing spinothalamic, spinohypothalamic, spinoreticular, and spinomesencephalic (spinotectal, spinal to periaqueductal grey, etc.) fibres; occupies the combined areas of the spinal white matter historically divided into anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts; located in white matter ventral to the denticulate ligament, hence the anatomical basis for the anterolateral cordotomy; concerned with the transmission of nociceptive and thermal information and with crude (nondiscriminative) touch.
(05 Mar 2000)
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