| circ | circuit; circular; circumcision; circumference |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| DICD | dispersion-induced circular dichroism |
| ICD | I-cell disease; immune complex disease; implantable cardioverter defibrillator; impulse-control diso... |
| MCD | magnetic circular dichroism; mast-cell degranulation; mean cell diameter; mean of consecutive differ... |
| DNA, circular | Any of the covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids. Small, polydisperse circular DNA's have also been observed in a number of eukaryotic organisms and are suggested to have homology with chromosomal DNA and the capacity to be inserted into, and excised from, chromosomal DNA. It is a fragment of DNA formed by a process of looping out and deletion, containing a constant region of the mu heavy chain and the 3'-part of the mu switch region. Circular DNA is a normal product of rearrangement among gene segments encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, as well as the T-cell receptor. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| absorption chromatography | <investigation> Techniques for separating molecules based on differential absorption and elution. Term for separation methods involving flow of a fluid carrier over a nonmobile absorbing phase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| adsorption chromatography | Chromatography in which separation of substances is achieved by the difference in degree of adsorption of the compounds to a stationary phase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| affinity chromatography | <investigation> A technique of analytical chemistry used to separate and purify a biological molecule from a mixture, based on the attraction of the molecule of interest to a particular ligand which has been previously attached to a solid, inert substance. The mixture is passed through a column containing the ligand attached to the stationary substance, so that the molecule of interest stays within the column while the rest of the mixture continues through to the end. Then, a different chemical is flushed through the column to detach the molecule from the ligand and bring it out separately from the rest of the mixture. (09 Feb 1998) |
| gas chromatography | <technique> A chromatographic technique (a type of column chromatography) in which the stationary phase is solid while the mobile phase is gaseous samples. The gaseous samples are separated based on their different adsorption ability to the solid phase. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gas-liquid chromatography | <technique> A chemistry lab technique, a type of column chromatography, used to separate the components of a mixed substance. The substance is held stationary by an inert solid coated with an inert liquid which is not likely to evaporate (i.e. Is nonvolatile), while a gas (called an eluant) flows past it bringing out the components one at a time. (09 Oct 1997) |
| paper chromatography | <technique> Separation method in which filter paper is used as the support. A type of chromatography in which the stationary phase is a sheet of special-grade filter paper. It is in all other aspects similar to thin-layer chromatography. Not a very sensitive method, but historically important as one of the first methods available for separating natural compounds. (07 Mar 2000) |
| gel exclusion chromatography | <investigation> A lab technique, a type of column chromatography, used to separate the components of a mixture by molecular size and to collect the molecules which are larger than a certain size. It is similar to gel filtration, small molecules are slowed or trapped by the pores in the gel beads filling the column, while large molecules, too large to fit into the pores, slide past the beads and get to the bottom of the column first. at this point, the large molecules are collected. Gel exclusion refers to the maximum size of molecule which will fit into the gel bead pores, and this lab technique is used to collect the molecules in the mixture which are larger than, or excluded from, the pores. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gel filtration chromatography | See: gel filtration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| partition chromatography | The separation of similar substances by repeated divisions between two immiscible liquids, so that the substances, in effect, cross the partition between the liquids in opposite directions; where one of the liquids is bound as a film on filter paper, the process is termed paper partition chromatography or paper chromatography. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reversed phase chromatography | A form of partitionary chromatography in which the stationary phase is more polar than the mobile phase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chromatography | <investigation> Techniques for separating molecules based on differential absorption and elution. Term for separation methods involving flow of a fluid carrier over a nonmobile absorbing phase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chromatography, affinity | A chromatographic technique that utilises the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chromatography, agarose | A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chromatography, deae-cellulose | A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (deae-cellulose) as a positively charged resin. (12 Dec 1998) |