| CHC | chromosome condensation; community health center; community health computing; community health counc... |
|---|---|
| chr | chromosome; chronic |
| CMGT | chromosome-mediated gene transfer |
| CMS | children's medical services; Christian Medical Society; chronic myelodysplastic syndrome; chromosome... |
| cs | chromosome; consciousness |
| high-resolution banding | Banding, especially in prophase, which increases the clarity and number of discernible chromosome bands. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| pulmonary artery banding | A surgical method of decreasing pulmonary blood flow and thereby volume overload of the left ventricle, alleviating CHF in certain congenital heart defects. (05 Mar 2000) |
| NOR-banding | A procedure which utilises a silver stain that preferentially accumulates in the nucleoli-organizing regions, i.e., the satellite regions of the acrocentric chromosomes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Q-banding | <cell biology, technique> A fluorescent stain for chromosomes which produces specific banding patterns for each pair of homologous chromosomes. The acridine dye derivative, quinacrine hydrochloride, or other derivatives like quinacrine mustard dihydrochloride produces a green-yellow fluorescence at pH 4.5 in chromosome segments rich in constitutive heterochromatin with deoxyadenylate-deoxythymidilate (A-T) bases of DNA. The centromeric regions of human chromosomes 3, 4, and 13 are specifically stained, as are satellites of some acrocentric chromosomes and the end of the long arm of the Y chromosome. Banding patterns are similar to those obtained with G-banding stain and similar fluorescent stain results are seen with the antibiotics adriamycin and daunomycin, as well as the tertiary dyes butyl proflavine and dapi, and the bisbenzimidazole dye hoechst 33258. See: banding patterns, Q bands, quinacrine. Synonym: quinacrine chromosome banding stain. (12 Jul 2000) |
| telomeric R-banding stain | <technique> A modified R-banding stain in which the telomeres become strongly stained and faint R-banding still occurs over the rest of the chromosomes; uses air-dried slides, aging for several days, and staining in hot phosphate-buffered Giemsa stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Trusler's rule for pulmonary artery banding | A method that gives guidance as to the correct tightness of the band; the degree of banding for a complex congenital cardiac anomaly with bidirectional shunting less than that for simple ones. (05 Mar 2000) |
| trypsin G-banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accessory chromosome | A chromosome existing without its normal homologous chromosome; at the reduction division of gametogenesis an accessory chromosome is likely to be included in one daughter cell and not in the other, but may be lost completely by lagging behind on the equatorial plate. Synonym: monosome, odd chromosome, unpaired allosome, unpaired chromosome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acentric chromosome | A fragment of a chromosome lacking a centromere and unable to attach to the mitotic spindle, therefore unable to take part in the division of a nucleus and randomly distributed in daughter cells. Synonym: acentric fragment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acrocentric chromosome | A chromosome with the centromere placed very close to one end so that the short arm is very small, often with a satellite. (05 Mar 2000) |
| balanced chromosome | <genetics> A chromosome which is unable to pair with its homologue and participate in homologus recombination during meiosis because it contains several inversion mutations (that is, has segments which have become flip-flopped). (09 Oct 1997) |
| B chromosome | <genetics> Small acentric chromosome, part of the normal genome of some races and species of plants. (18 Nov 1997) |
| bivalent chromosome | A pair of chromosome's temporarily united. (05 Mar 2000) |
| male chromosome complement | The large majority of males have a 46, xy chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including an x and a y chromosome). A minority of males have other chromosome constitutions such as 47,xxy (47 chromosomes including two x chromosomes and a y chromosome) and 47,xyy (47 chromosomes including an x and two y chromosomes). (12 Dec 1998) |
| marker chromosome | An abnormal chromosome that is distinctive in appearance but not fully identified. For example, the fragile x chromosome was once called the marker x. (12 Dec 1998) |