| centronuclear myopathy | Slowly progressive generalised muscle weakness and atrophy beginning in childhood; on biopsy of skeletal muscle, the nuclei of most muscle fibres are seen to be located near the centre of a small fibre (the normal position for a 10-week embryo) rather than at the periphery of the fibre; familial incidence. Autosomal dominant recessive and X-linked [310400] forms occur. Synonym: myotubular myopathy. Distal myopathy, myopathy affecting predominantly the distal portions of the limbs; onset is usually after age 40, with weakness and wasting of small muscles of the hands; The infantile form and the Swedish later-onset are autosomal dominant and there is a Japanese late-onset type that is recessive. Minicore-multicore myopathy, an uncommon nonprogressive myopathy with early onset, proximal weakness, and hypotonia. Muscle fibres show focal defects of oxidative and myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase enzymes with disorganization of myofibril ultrastructure. Mitochondrial myopathy, weakness and hypotonia of muscles, primarily those of the neck, shoulder, and pelvic girdles, with onset in infancy or childhood; on biopsy, giant, bizarre mitochondria are seen located between muscle fibrils just beneath the sarcolemma. The dominant form is due to deletion of mitochondrial DNA and the recessive form is due to a complex deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| centrophilin | <protein> A microtubule binding protein identified by the production of monoclonal antibodies raised against isolated centromeres. In mitotic cells centrophilin is not restricted to the centromeres, but is a major antigen of the spindle polar bodies. (18 Nov 1997) |
| centroplasm | The substance of the cytocentrum. Origin: centro-+ G. Plasma, thing formed (05 Mar 2000) |
| centrosome | <cell biology> The microtubule organising centre which, in animal cells, surrounds the centriole and which will divide to organise the two poles of the mitotic spindle. By directing the assembly of a cells skeleton, this organelle controls division, motility and shape. Origin: Gr. Soma = body (18 Nov 1997) |
| centrosphere | Alternative (rare) name for centrosome. (18 Nov 1997) |
| centrostaltic | Relating to the centre of motion. Origin: centro-+ G. Stallein, set forth, fetch (05 Mar 2000) |