| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
||
| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
||
| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
||
| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
||
| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
||
| MMI | macrophage migration inhibition; maximum medical improvement; methylmercaptoimidazole; mucous membra... |
|---|---|
| MC | mass casualties; mast cell; Master of Surgery [Lat. Magister Chirurgiae]; maximum concentration; Med... |
| EIC | elastase inhibition capacity; enzyme inhibition complex |
| LAI | latex particle agglutination inhibition; leukocyte adherence inhibition |
| ACC | accommodation; acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase; acinic cell carcinoma; acute care center; adenoid cyst... |
lingissimus capitis (두최장근
| reactive inhibition | Tendency toward a lessened strength of response due to practice or activity. It is independent of the effect of reward and is a direct function of time interval since the last response and the number of preceding responses. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| reciprocal inhibition | Contraction in a muscle is accompanied by a loss of tone or by relaxation in the antagonistic muscle. Synonym: reciprocal inhibition. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reflex inhibition | A situation in which sensory stimuli decrease reflex activity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central inhibition | <physiology> Suppression or diminution of outgoing impulses from a reflex centre. (05 Mar 2000) |
| residual inhibition | The inhibition or suppression of tinnitus by use of a sound-generating device (residual inhibitor) which masks the sounds of tinnitus and produces a residual sound-inhibiting effect when the device is turned off. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retroactive inhibition | The partial or complete obliteration of memory by a more recent event, particularly new learning. Compare: proactive inhibition. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Wedensky inhibition | Inhibition of muscle response resulting from application of a series of rapidly repeated stimuli to the motor nerve where slower frequency of stimulation results in muscle response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| competitive inhibition | <chemistry> Inhibitor that occupies the active site of an enzyme or the binding site of a receptor and prevents the normal substrate or ligand from binding. at sufficiently high concentration of the normal ligand inhibition is lost: the Km is altered by the competitive inhibitor, but the Vmax remains the same. (05 Jan 1998) |
| contact inhibition | The inhibition of continued growth and division of a cell or colony due to physical contact with other cells or colonies. The stopping of continued growth when a certain density of cells has been reached. The momentary stopping of all movement when a mobile cell runs into another cell. (09 Oct 1997) |
| contact inhibition of growth | See: density dependent inhibition. (18 Nov 1997) |
| contact inhibition of movement | Reaction in which the direction of motion of a cell is altered following collision with another cell. In heterologous contacts both cell may respond (mutual inhibition) or only one (nonreciprocal). Type I contact inhibition involves paralysis of the locomotory machinery, Type II is a consequence of adhesive preference for the substratum rather than the dorsal surface of the other cell. (18 Nov 1997) |
| contact inhibition of phagocytosis | Phenomenon described in sheets of kidney epithelial cells that, when confluent, lose their weak phagocytic activity, probably because of a failure of adhesion of particles to the dorsal surface in the absence of ruffles. (18 Nov 1997) |
| haemagglutination inhibition | A variation of the haemagglutination technique. Some viral antigens, when coated on erythrocytes, spontaneously cause agglutination in the absence of antibody. In these situations, the specific antigen-antibody reaction actually prevents the agglutination of reagent RBCs. Haemagglutination inhibition cannot differentiate between isotypes of specific antibodies (IgG, IgA or IgM) although positive haemagglutination inhibition analysis of specimens treated with Staphylococcus aureus Protein A (discussed above under coagglutination) to remove the IgG isotype antibodies has been used to imply the presence of specific IgM antibodies to the specific viral antigen. The crude quantitation of the specific antibodies is possible using serial dilution (titre). (05 Mar 2000) |
| haemagglutination inhibition test | <investigation> A clinical lab test used to detect the presence of a certain haemagglutinating virus or other haemagglutinin antigen based on whether the red blood cells in the sample lose the ability to clump together when the antibody to the virus or other antigen is added to it. If the virus or antigen is present, the antibody kills it and thereby stops it from being able to stick the red blood cells to each other. (09 Oct 1997) |
| haemagglutination inhibition tests | Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of haemagglutination. (12 Dec 1998) |