| CGA | catabolite gene activator; color graphics adapter |
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| CMF | calcium-magnesium free; catabolite modular factor; chondromyxoid fibroma; Christian Medical Fellowsh... |
| GAP | D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; growth associated protein; guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein... |
| IAP | immunosuppressive acidic protein; inosinic acid pyrophosphorylase; Institute of Animal Physiology; i... |
| MAP | malignant atrophic papulosis; mandibular angle plane; maturation-activated protein; maximal aerobic ... |
| virus activating protease | <enzyme> Endoprotease from chick embryo; activates para- and orthomyoxovirus fusion glycoproteins by cleaving them at a single arginine site; ca(2+) dependent; similar to blood clotting factor x Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- (26 Jun 1999) |
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| reticular activating system | <physiology> A physiological term denoting that part of the brainstem reticular formation that plays a central role in the organism's bodily and behavorial alertness. It extends as a diffusely organised neural apparatus through the central region of the brainstem into the subthalamus and the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus; by its ascending connections it affects the function of the cerebral cortex in the sense of behavioural responsiveness; its descending (reticulospinal) connections transmit its activating influence upon bodily posture and reflex mechanisms (e.g., muscle tonus), in part by way of the gamma motor neurons. See: reticular formation. Synonym: non-specific system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| methionine-activating enzyme | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of s-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. Chemical name: ATP:L-methionine S-adenosyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.5.1.6 (12 Dec 1998) |
| monocyte chemotactic and activating factor | Cytokine of the C C subfamily, co induced with IL-8 on stimulation of endothelial cells, fibroblasts or monocytes that activates and is chemotactic for, monocytes. A chemokine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| complement activating enzymes | <enzyme> Enzymes present in the complement system which activate one or more components in the system. Registry number: EC 3.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| platelet-activating factor | <cytokine> Potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leucocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. It is produced in response to specific stimuli by a variety of cell types, including neutrophils, basophils, platelets, and endothelial cells. Several molecular species of platelet-activating factor have been identified which vary in the length of the O-alkyl side chain. It is an important mediator of bronchoconstriction. Synonym: platelet-aggregating factor. Acronym: PAF (20 Sep 2002) |
| connective tissue activating peptide III | Cytokine, produced from platelet basic protein, that acts as a growth factor. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neutrophil activating factor | <cytokine> A cytokine that activates neutrophils and attracts neutrophils and T-lymphocytes. It is released by several cell types including monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes by an inflammatory stimulus. Il-8 is a member of the beta-thromboglobulin superfamily and structurally related to platelet factor 4. Acronym: IL-8 (12 Dec 1998) |
| insulin activating factor | <chemical> Activates insulin gene transcription in pancreatic beta cells. Synonym: insaf (05 Dec 1998) |
| osteoclast activating factor | A lymphokine that stimulates bone resorption and inhibits bone-collagen synthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetoacetyl-acyl carrier protein synthase | <enzyme> E coli enzyme, that catalyses condensation of malonyl-acyl carrier protein plus acetyl-acyl carrier protein; not inhibited by cerulenin Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetoacetyl-acp synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acid soluble spore protein | <molecular biology> A DNA binding protein in the spores of some bacteria, thought to stabilise the DNA in an A configuration, so protecting it from cleavage by enzymes or UV light. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acute-phase protein | <haematology> These plasma proteins (in addition to fibrinogen) increase 25% or more in response to inflammation and injury are under direct control of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (hepatocyte-stimulating factor). Other proteins which increase are ceruloplasmin, C3 and C4 which increase 50% or more; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, alpha-1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen (the major determinant of viscosity 1 ) which increase two- to fourfold; C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A which increase several hundred-fold. Despite long-held clinical opinion to the contrary, available data indicate that neither ESR nor measurement of specific acute-phase reactants are useful in excluding underlying infection or inflammation regardless of the pretest probability. These proteins are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. They can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumour markers. See also: amyloid, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, viscosity. (25 Jun 1999) |
| acyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)-phospholipid acyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine from acyl-acyl carrier protein and 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine Registry number: EC 2.3.1.40 Synonym: 2-acyl-gpe acyltransferase, 2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine acyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase | <enzyme> E coli enzyme involved in lipid a biosynthesis; uses beta-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein to form udp-3-monoacyl-n-acetylglucosamine; amino acid sequence given in second source Registry number: EC 2.3.1.129 Synonym: udp-aguatransferase, lpxa protein, udp-n-acetylglucosamine-3-acyltransferase, udp-n-acetylglucosamine 3-o-acyltransferase, udp-3-o-(r-3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine-n-acyltransferase, lpxd protein, fira gene product, fira protein (26 Jun 1999) |