| AR | absolute risk; accounts receivable; achievement ratio; actinic reticuloid [syndrome]; active resista... |
|---|---|
| CPR | cardiopulmonary reserve; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; centripetal rub; cerebral cortex perfusion r... |
| ER | efficiency ratio; epigastric region; ejection rate; electroresection; emergency room; endoplasmic re... |
| ERV | equine rhinopneumonitis virus; expiratory reserve volume |
| FRC | Federal Radiation Council; frozen red cells; functional reserve capacity; functional residual capaci... |
mouth to mask breathing
| breathing exercises | Therapeutic exercises aimed to deepen inspiration or expiration or even to alter the rate and rhythm of respiration. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| breathing rate | <chest medicine, clinical sign> Also referred to as the respiratory rate. Measured as the number of breaths taken every minute. Normal resting adult respiratory rates are from 16-20 breaths per minute. The normal 1 year old infant can have a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute. Count the breaths taken in 30 seconds observing the rise and fall of the chest and then multiply this number by 2. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bronchial breathing | Breath sounds of a harsh or blowing quality, heard on auscultation of the chest, made by air moving in the large bronchi and barely, if at all, modified by the intervening lung; duration of the expiratory sound is as long as or longer than that of the inspiratory sound, and its pitch as high as or higher than that of the inspiratory sound; may be heard over a consolidated lung, above a pleural effusion due to an underlying compressed lung, and rarely over a pulmonary cavity; whispered pectoriloquy is another manifestation that usually can be elicited when bronchial breathing is present. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maximum breathing capacity | The volume of air breathed when an individual breathes as deeply and as quickly as possible for a given time (e.g., 15 sec.). Synonym: maximum breathing capacity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glossopharyngeal breathing | Respiration unaided by the usual primary muscles of respiration; the air is forced into the lungs by use of the tongue and muscles of the pharynx. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mouth breathing | Abnormal breathing through the mouth, usually associated with obstructive disorders of the nasal passages. (12 Dec 1998) |
| work of breathing | Respiratory muscle contraction during inspiration. The work is accomplished in three phases: that required to expand the lungs against its elastic forces (lung compliance work), that required to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures (tissue resistance work), and that required to overcome airway resistance during the movement of air into the lungs (airway resistance work). Work of breaking does not refer to expiration, which is entirely a passive process caused by elastic recoil of the lung and chest cage. (guyton, textbook of medical physiology, 8th ed, p406) (12 Dec 1998) |
| continuous positive pressure breathing | Artificial ventilation in which all inspirations are provided by positive pressure applied to the airway. Synonym: continuous positive pressure breathing, continuous positive pressure ventilation, intermittent positive pressure breathing, intermittent positive pressure ventilation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| positive-negative pressure breathing | Inflation of the lungs with positive pressure and deflation with negative pressure by an automatic ventilator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pursed lips breathing | A technique in which air is inhaled slowly through the nose and mouth and exhaled slowly through pursed lips; used by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to improve their breathing by increasing resistance to air flow, forcibly dilating small bronchi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| shallow breathing | A type of breathing with abnormally low tidal volume. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stertorous breathing | Harsh, noisy breathing usually heard in an comatous patient. Synonym: stertorous breathing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intermittent positive-pressure breathing | Application of positive pressure to the inspiratory phase of spontaneous respiration. See: controlled mechanical ventilation (12 Dec 1998) |
| kussmaul breathing | Air hunger. (12 Dec 1998) |