| 영문 | brain stem | 한글 | 뇌줄기 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌줄기이란 대뇌와 척수를 이어주는 다리 역할을 하는 뇌의 부분으로 이곳에는 중간뇌, 다리뇌, 숨뇌의 3개의 부분이 포함된다. 이곳은 대뇌에서 나가는 운동신경과 대뇌로 들어오는 감각신경의 중요한 통로가 있는 곳이며, 동시에 대부분의 뇌신경(척수를 거치지 않고 나가는 신경, 즉 뇌에서 직접 나오고 들어오는 신경을 이르는 말)의 중요한 요지이다. |
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| 영문 | blood-brain barrier(BBB) | 한글 | 혈뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌와 척수에는 혈류로부터 어떤 물질이 유입되는 것을 막는 장벽이다. 이것은 뇌와 척수에 존재하는 모세혈관의 투과성이 비교적 다른 모세혈관의 투과성보다 떨어지기 때문이다. |
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| 영문 | blood-brain barrier | 한글 | 혈액뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액으로부터 뇌로는 지질용해성이 높은 약물밖에 이행되지 않는다. 수용성의 약물을 뇌로 이행되지 않게 하고 있는 것이 혈액뇌장벽이며 뇌의 모세혈관 내피세포, 모세혈관 주위의 세포가 장벽이 되고 있다. 물질교환은 수동확산에 의해 이루어지지만, 뇌의 생리적 활동에 필요한 물질은 이온형이라도 담체를 통해 이행된다. |
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| purpura, henoch-schonlein | HSP is a form of blood vessel inflammation, a vasculitis that affects small arterial vessels in the skin (capillaries) and the kidneys. Hsp results in skin rash associated with joint inflammation (arthritis) and cramping pain in the abdomen. Hsp frequently follows a bacterial or viral infection of the throat or breathing passages and is an unusual reaction of the body's immune system to this infection. Hsp occurs most commonly in children. Hsp is generally a mild illness that resolves spontaneously, but sometimes it can cause serious problems in the kidneys and bowels. Treatment is directed toward the most significant area of involvement. Joint pain can be relieved by antiinflammatory medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Some patients can require cortisone-related medications, such as prednisone, especially those with significant abdominal pain or kidney disease. Also known as anaphylactoid purpura. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| purpura, hyperglobulinaemic | Purpura associated with an increase in gamma-globulins. The condition is no longer considered a specific entity since the clinical and laboratory findings are observed in a variety of haematologic conditions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purpura iodica | Iodic purpura, an eruption of discrete miliary petechiae, usually confined to the lower extremities, appearing in rare instances on administration of any of the iodides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| purpura nervosa | <dermatology> This relatively rare disorder is characterised by skin purpura, joint pains, abdominal pain and renal disease (glomerulonephritis). Although Henoch-Schonlein purpura or anaphylactoid purpura, is thought to be a immune complex mediated disease, its exact cause is unknown. Its typical benign coarse can, however, include renal failure. (27 Sep 1997) |
| purpura pulicans | Purpura pulicosa, petechiae caused by the bites of insects and animal parasites. (05 Mar 2000) |
| purpura rheumatica | <dermatology> This relatively rare disorder is characterised by skin purpura, joint pains, abdominal pain and renal disease (glomerulonephritis). Although Henoch-Schonlein purpura or anaphylactoid purpura, is thought to be a immune complex mediated disease, its exact cause is unknown. Its typical benign coarse can, however, include renal failure. (27 Sep 1997) |
| purpura, schoenlein-henoch | A form of nonthrombocytopenic purpura due to a hypersensitivity vasculitis (vasculitis, hypersensitivity) associated with a variety of clinical symptoms including urticaria and erythema, arthropathy and arthritis, gastrointestinal symptoms, and renal involvement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purpura senilis | The occurrence of petechiae and ecchymoses on the atrophic skin of the legs in aged and debilitated subjects. (05 Mar 2000) |
| purpura simplex | The eruption of petechiae or larger ecchymoses, usually unaccompanied by constitutional symptoms and not associated with systemic illness. Synonym: nonthrombocytopenic purpura. (05 Mar 2000) |
| purpura symptomatica | A petechial eruption in scarlet fever and other exanthemas. (05 Mar 2000) |
| purpura, thrombocytopenic | Any form of purpura in which the platelet count is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purpura, thrombocytopenic, idiopathic | Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IgG autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purpura, thrombotic thrombocytopenic | A disease characterised by thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anaemia, bizarre neurological manifestations, azotemia, fever, and thromboses in terminal arterioles and capillaries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purpura urticans | Purpura simplex accompanied by an urticarial eruption. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hyperglobulinaemic purpura | <haematology> A condition characterised by proliferation of cells resembling lymphocytes or plasma cells in the bone marrow, anaemia, increased sedimentation rate and hyperglobulinaemia. Physical findings include mucosal bleeding, skin purpura and enlargement of the lymph nodes, liver and spleen. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |