| 영문 | brain stem | 한글 | 뇌줄기 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌줄기이란 대뇌와 척수를 이어주는 다리 역할을 하는 뇌의 부분으로 이곳에는 중간뇌, 다리뇌, 숨뇌의 3개의 부분이 포함된다. 이곳은 대뇌에서 나가는 운동신경과 대뇌로 들어오는 감각신경의 중요한 통로가 있는 곳이며, 동시에 대부분의 뇌신경(척수를 거치지 않고 나가는 신경, 즉 뇌에서 직접 나오고 들어오는 신경을 이르는 말)의 중요한 요지이다. |
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| 영문 | blood-brain barrier(BBB) | 한글 | 혈뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌와 척수에는 혈류로부터 어떤 물질이 유입되는 것을 막는 장벽이다. 이것은 뇌와 척수에 존재하는 모세혈관의 투과성이 비교적 다른 모세혈관의 투과성보다 떨어지기 때문이다. |
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| 영문 | blood-brain barrier | 한글 | 혈액뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액으로부터 뇌로는 지질용해성이 높은 약물밖에 이행되지 않는다. 수용성의 약물을 뇌로 이행되지 않게 하고 있는 것이 혈액뇌장벽이며 뇌의 모세혈관 내피세포, 모세혈관 주위의 세포가 장벽이 되고 있다. 물질교환은 수동확산에 의해 이루어지지만, 뇌의 생리적 활동에 필요한 물질은 이온형이라도 담체를 통해 이행된다. |
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| GA | Gamblers Anonymous; gastric analysis; gastric antrum; general anesthesia; general angiography; gener... |
|---|---|
| GALT | galactose-1-p-uridyltransferase; gut-associated lymphoid tissue |
| GML | gut mucosa lymphocyte |
| IG | immature granule; immunoglobulin; insulin and glucose; intragastric; irritable gut |
| SWG | silkworm gut; standard wire gauge |
simplex (단순
| vasoactive intestinal peptide | <gastroenterology, protein> Peptide of 28 amino acids, originally isolated from porcine intestine, but later found in the central nervous system where it acts as a neuropeptide and is released by specific interneurons. May also affect behaviour of cells of the immune system. Acronym: VIP (05 Jan 1998) |
|---|---|
| gastrin-releasing peptide | <hormone> A regulatory peptide (27 amino acids) thought to be the mammalian equivalent of bombesin. It elicits gastrin release and regulates gastric acid secretion and motor function. It causes bronchoconstriction and vasodilation in the respiratory tract and stimulates the growth and mitogenesis of cells in culture. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the stomach, the neuropeptide stimulates release of gastrin from the g cells. Chemical name: Gastrin-releasing peptide (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, calcitonin gene-related peptide | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Cgrp receptors are present in both the central nervous system and the periphery and are not the same as calcitonin receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, invertebrate peptide | Cell surface receptors for invertebrate peptide hormones or neuropeptides. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, peptide | Cell surface receptors that bind peptide messengers with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behaviour of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, vasoactive intestinal peptide | Cell surface proteins that bind vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the formation of 5-oxoprolyl-trna and nh3 from l-glutaminyl-trna; also acts on glutaminyl peptides Registry number: EC 2.3.2.5 Synonym: glutaminyl cyclase, glutaminylpeptide cyclase, glutamine cyclotransferase, glutaminyl-trna cyclotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| peptide | <biochemistry> A compound of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. (27 Sep 1997) |
| peptide antibiotic lactonase | <enzyme> Peptide lactone and water gives linear peptide Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| peptide bond | The amide linkage between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. The linkage does not allow free rotation and can occur in cis or trans configuration, the latter the most common in natural peptides, except for links to the amino group of proline, which are always cis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| peptide chain elongation | The process whereby an amino acid is joined through a substituted amide linkage to a chain of peptides. (12 Dec 1998) |
| peptide chain initiation | The process whereby the formation of a peptide chain is started. This process requires (1) the 30s subunit, (2) the mRNA coding for the polypeptide to be made, (3) met-trnai, (4) initiation factors, and (5) GTP. (12 Dec 1998) |
| peptide chain termination | The process whereby the last amino acid is added to a polypeptide. This termination is signaled by one of three termination triplets in the mRNA, immediately following the last amino acid codon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| peptide deformylase | <enzyme> Fms is a zinc-containing protein showing homologies with zinc aminopeptidases; its enzyme function resembles that of an aminopeptidase; has been sequenced; mol mass 19,207 da Registry number: EC 3.4.11.- Synonym: fms protein, fms gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| peptide elongation factors | Protein factors uniquely required during the elongation phase of protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |