| 영문 | white blood cell(WBC), leukocyte | 한글 | 백혈구 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액내에 골수구계세포와 림프계세포, 단핵구계세포를 모두 통틀어 말한다. 백혈구의 증가가 있으면 대개 감염이 있거나, 혹은 탈수현상이 있음을 의미한다. 또한 지나친 백혈구수의 감소는 인체내 면역기능이 떨어져 있음을 의미하며, 다른 질병에 의해 나타나는 이차적인 현상이 아닌지 꼭 진단을 받아보아야 한다. |
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| 영문 | mast cell | 한글 | 비만 세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 동물의 결합 조직 가운데 널리 분포하는 세포. 결합조직과 점막조직 내에 있는 호염기성 색소로 이염색성(metachromasia)을 나타내는 과립을 가진 방추형의 세포에 작은 둥근 핵을 가진다. 비만세포의 표면에는 IgE에 대한 수용체가 존재하며, 수용체에 결합한 IgE 분자들끼리 다가의 항원에 의해 서로 연결되면 비만세포 과립탈출 반응이 일어나, 히스타민, 세로토닌, 헤파린 등의 화학전달 물질이 방출되어, 즉시형 알레르기 반응 등의 증상을 일으킨다. 피부, 장막, 혈관 주위, 점막 주변에 있다. |
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| 영문 | cell-mediated immunity | 한글 | 세포매개면역 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 면역이란 신체를 외부의 물질로부터 보호하는 행위를 말한다. 여기에는 특이적 면역과 비특이적 면역의 두 가지가 있다. 비특이적 면역이라함은 특정한 물질에 관계하는 면역이 아니라 특정 대상이 없이 모든 외부 물체에 작용할 수 있는 면역을 말한다. 여기에는 소변의 흐름, 눈물의 흐름, 피부의 비투과성 등의 기계적인 것도 포함되고 피속에 돌아다니는 세포 중에서 비특이적으로 외부의 물질을 포식하는 세포들(예를 들면 큰포식세포(macrophage)의 활동도 포함이 된다. 세포매개면역이란 특이한 물질을 감지할 수 있는 세포를 생성하게 하여 그것으로 하여금 그 물질을 포식하게 하는 것을 말한다. |
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| BM | Bachelor of Medicine; barium meal; basal medium; basal metabolism; basement membrane; basilar membra... |
|---|---|
| ACC | accommodation; acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase; acinic cell carcinoma; acute care center; adenoid cyst... |
| CCH | C-cell hyperplasia; chronic chloride hemagglutination; chronic cholestatic hepatitis |
| GC | ganglion cell; gas chromatography; general circulation; general closure; general condition; generali... |
| BCC | Basal Cell Carcinoma |
| angiofollicular mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia | Solitary masses of lymphoid tissue containing concentric perivascular aggregates of lymphocytes, occurring usually in the mediastinum or hilar region of young adults; similar changes have been reported outside the mediastinum and, if associated with interfollicular sheets of plasma cells, may progress to lymphoma or plasmacytoma. Synonym: angiofollicular mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia, Castleman's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia | Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| atypical melanocytic hyperplasia | Proliferation of melanocytes showing nuclear atypicality, especially as scattered single cells high in the epidermis; interpreted by some pathologists as malignant melanoma in situ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benign giant lymph node hyperplasia | Solitary masses of lymphoid tissue containing concentric perivascular aggregates of lymphocytes, occurring usually in the mediastinum or hilar region of young adults; similar changes have been reported outside the mediastinum and, if associated with interfollicular sheets of plasma cells, may progress to lymphoma or plasmacytoma. Synonym: angiofollicular mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia, Castleman's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | <urology> A benign enlargement of the prostate gland begins normally after age 50 years probably secondary to the effects of male hormones. If significant enlargement occurs, it may pinch off te urethra making urination difficult or impossible. See: urinary retention. Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form (06 Aug 1998) |
| verrucous hyperplasia | A non-invasive precursor of verrucous or squamous carcinoma of the oral mucosa, occurring in the elderly, characterised by sharp or blunt upward papillary projections of squamous epithelium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant lymph node hyperplasia | Large benign, hyperplastic lymph nodes. The more common hyaline vascular subtype is characterised by small hyaline vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferations. Plasma cells are often present and represent another subtype with the plasma cells containing IgM and IgA. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gingival hyperplasia | Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cementum hyperplasia | A regressive change of teeth characterised by excessive development of secondary cementum on the tooth surface. It may occur on any part of the root, but the apical two-thirds are most commonly affected. (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia | <endocrinology> A genetic disorder present at birth characterised by a deficiency of the hormones aldosterone and cortisol and an overproduction of male sex hormones (androgens). In males this may manifest as enlarged penis, small testes and early development of masculine characteristics. In females features include ambiguous genitalia, failure to menstruate, deep voice and excessive hair. Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form (27 Sep 1997) |
| congenital sebaceous hyperplasia | Misnomer for nevus sebaceus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia | A series of inherited inborn errors of metabolism with hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and overproduction of virilizing hormones. Most common forms are due to partial or complete 21-hydroxylase deficiency, leading to increased ACTH production by the pituitary, stimulating adrenal growth and function. Severe form is characterised by salt-losing state. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystic hyperplasia | Formation of multiple retention cysts from obstruction of ducts or glands by hyperplasia of the lining epithelium, as in fibrocystic disease of the breast and metropathia haemorrhagica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystic hyperplasia of the breast | A benign disease common in women of the third, fourth, and fifth decades characterised by formation, in one or both breasts, of small cysts containing fluid which may appear as blue dome cysts; associated with stromal fibrosis and with variable degrees of intraductal epithelial hyperplasia and sclerosing adenosis. Synonym: cystic hyperplasia of the breast. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostatic hyperplasia | Enlargement or overgrowth of the prostate gland as a result of an increase in the number of its constituent cells. (12 Dec 1998) |