| PI | first meiotic prophase; isoelectric point; pacing impulse; package insert; pancreatic insufficiency;... |
|---|---|
| PN | papillary necrosis; parenteral nutrition; penicillin; perceived noise; percussion note; periarteriti... |
| PrA-HPA | protein A hemolytic plaque assay |
| PRNT | plaque reduction neutralization test |
| SP | sacroposterior; sacrum to pubis; salivary progesterone; schizotypal personality; semi-private [room]... |
| dental plaque index | An index which scores the degree of dental plaque accumulation. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| fibrous plaque | Thickened area of arterial intima with accumulation of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue (collagen etc.) produced by the fat laden smooth muscle cells. Below the thickening may be free extracellular lipid and debris that, if much necrosis is also present, is referred to as an atheroma. (18 Nov 1997) |
| bacteriophage | <microbiology, virology> Viruses that have a specific affinity for and infect bacteria. The bacteriophages that attack Escherichia coli are termed coliphages, examples of these are lambda phage and the T even phages, T2, T4 and T6. Basically, phages consist of a protein coat or capsid enclosing the genetic material, DNA or RNA, that is injected into the bacterium upon infection. In the case of virulent phages all synthesis of host DNA, RNA and proteins ceases and the phage genome is used to direct the synthesis of phage nucleic acids and proteins using the host's transcriptional and translational apparatus. These phage components then self assemble to form new phage particles. The synthesis of a phage lysozyme leads to rupture of the bacterial cell wall releasing, typically 100-200 phage progeny. The temperate phages, such as lambda, may also show this lytic cycle when they infect a cell, but more frequently they induce lysogeny. The study of bacteriophages has been important for our understanding of gene structure and regulation. Lambda has been extensively used as a vector in recombinant DNA studies. (15 Nov 1997) |
| bacteriophage 2 depolymerase | <enzyme> Hydrolyzes glycolipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides; releases aminosugars Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- Synonym: phage 2 depolymerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| bacteriophage immunity | The state induced in a bacterium by lysogenization, the lysogenic bacterium being insusceptible to further lysogenization or to a lytic cycle by a superinfecting bacteriophage, in contradistinction to bacteriophage resistance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacteriophage lambda | <microbiology, virology> A bacteriophage, or virus which infects bacteria, that infects E. Coli. It has a complex set of regulatory mechanisms to determine whether it will quietly insert its DNA into the bacterial genome to become dormant and to be reproduced whenever the bacterium reproduces (to lysogenize), or whether it will hijack the bacterium's cellular machinery to reproduce itself and prepare to infect more bacteria, causing the bacterium to self-destruct shortly after infection (to lyse). Lambda is particularly useful to geneticists because parts of it can be used to introduce foreign DNA into the bacterial genome, it is a cloning vector. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage m13 | <microbiology> A bacteriophage (a virus which infects bacteria) that has single-stranded DNA. It is used as a method of obtaining single strands of foreign DNA so that the foreign DNA can be sequenced (that is, the order of its nucleotide bases can be determined). It is also used in procedures to create mutations in vitro (in a test tube rather than within an organism). (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage mu | An unassigned species of temperate coliphage, in the family myoviridae, composed of a linear, double-stranded molecule of DNA, which is able to insert itself at random at any point on the host chromosome. It frequently causes a mutation by interrupting the continuity of the bacterial operon at the site of insertion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage omicron x174 | <microbiology> A bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) which has as its genetic material DNA in single strands instead of the usual double strands. The virus is useful to those who study how DNA replicates. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage p1 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family myoviridae which infects e. Coli. It is the largest of the coliphages and consists of double-stranded DNA, terminally redundant, and circularly permuted. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage p2 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family myoviridae which infects e. Coli. It consists of linear double-stranded DNA with 19-base sticky ends. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage p22 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family podoviridae that infects salmonella species. The genome consists of double-stranded DNA, terminally redundant, and circularly permuted. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage phi 6 | Virulent bacteriophage and sole member of the genus cystovirus that infects pseudomonas species. The virion has a segmented genome consisting of three pieces of doubled-stranded DNA and also contains a unique lipid-containing membrane. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage phi x 174 | The type species of the genus microvirus. A prototype of the small virulent DNA coliphages, it is composed of a single strand of supercoiled circular DNA, which on infection, is converted to a double-stranded replicative form by a host enzyme. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage resistance | Resistance of a bacterial mutant to infection by a bacteriophage to which the parent (wild type) strain is susceptible. (05 Mar 2000) |