| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
||
| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
||
| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
||
| AM | Academic Medicine [journal]; actomyosin; acute myelofibrosis; adult male; adult monocyte; aerospace ... |
|---|---|
| BASE | B27-arthritis-sacroiliitis-extra-articular features [syndrome] |
| CAR | Canadian Association of Radiologists; cancer-associated retinopathy; cardiac ambulation routine; cel... |
| IA | ibotenic acid; immune adherence; immunoadsorbent; immunobiologic activity; impedance angle; indolami... |
| JA | judgment analysis; juvenile atrophy; juxta-articular |
| crossed knee jerk | Contraction of the contralateral quadriceps when a patellar reflex is elicited. Synonym: crossed knee jerk. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| crossed knee reflex | Contraction of the contralateral quadriceps when a patellar reflex is elicited. Synonym: crossed knee jerk. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior knee region | The posterior region of the knee, including the popliteal fossa. Synonym: regio genus posterior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior ligament of knee | <anatomy> A broad fibrous band attached above to the lateral condyle of the femur and passing medially and downward, blending with the posterior part of the fibrous capsule of the knee joint, arching over the tendon of the popliteus muscle. Synonym: ligamentum popliteum arcuatum, popliteal arch, posterior ligament of knee. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cruciate ligaments of knee | <radiology> Anterior lateral fem condyle leading to tibial spine, posterior thicker than ACL, tears at tibial insertion, may avulse fragment (12 Dec 1998) |
| housemaid's knee | An adventitious occupational bursitis occurring over the tibial tuberosity, the area of contact when kneeling; not to be confused with infrapatellar bursitis. Synonym: prepatellar bursitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| descending artery of knee | <anatomy, artery> Origin, femoral, in adductor canal; distribution, penetrates vastoadductor fascia to supply knee joint and adjacent parts; anastomoses, medial superior genicular, medial inferior genicular, lateral superior genicular, lateral inferior genicular and anterior tibial recurrent arteries, i.e., articular network of knee. Synonym: arteria genus descendens, arteria anastomotica magna, descending artery of knee, great anastomotic artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| internal semilunar fibrocartilage of knee joint | <anatomy> A flat disc-shaped ligament which stabilises and supports the inner aspect of the knee joint. Commonly injured in knee sprains. (27 Sep 1997) |
| thick-knee | <zoology> A stone curlew. See Stone. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| total knee joint replacement | Surgery involving the replacement of the knee joint with artificial components which reestablishes normal joint function. Indicated in cases of severe knee fracture or degenerative arthritis (DJD) unresponsive to medical therapy. (27 Sep 1997) |
| transverse ligament of knee | A transverse band that passes between the lateral and medial menisci in the anterior part of the knee joint. Synonym: ligamentum transversum genus, transverse genicular ligament. (05 Mar 2000) |
| knee | 1. In man, the joint in the middle part of the leg. 2. <anatomy> The joint, or region of the joint, between the thigh and leg. In the horse and allied animals, the carpal joint, corresponding to the wrist in man. 3. <mechanics> A piece of timber or metal formed with an angle somewhat in the shape of the human knee when bent. 4. A bending of the knee, as in respect or courtesy. "Give them title, knee, and approbation." (Shak) Knee breeches. See Breeches. <botany> Knee holly, Knee holm a jerk or kick produced by a blow or sudden strain upon the patellar tendon of the knee, which causes a sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle; one of the so-called tendon reflexes. Knee joint. Knee timber, timber with knees or angles in it. Knee tribute, or Knee worship, tribute paid by kneeling; worship by genuflection. "Knee tribute yet unpaid." Origin: OE. Kne, cneo, As. Cneo, cneow; akin to OS. Knio, kneo, OFries. Kni, G. & D. Knie, OHG. Chniu, chneo, Icel. Kn, Sw. Kna,Dan. Knae, Goth. Kniu, L.genu, Gr, Skr.janu, Cf. Genuflection. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| knee arthroplasty | <orthopaedics, procedure> Surgery involving the replacement of the knee joint with artificial components which reestablishes normal joint function. Indicated in cases of severe knee fracture or degenerative arthritis (DJD) unresponsive to medical therapy. (17 Dec 1997) |
| knee bursitis | A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between moving tissues of the body. There are three major bursae of the knee. Bursitis is usually not infectious, but the bursa can become infected. Treatment of non-infectious bursitis includes rest, ice, and medications for inflammation and pain. Infectious bursitis is treated with antibiotics, aspiration, and surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| knee cap dislocation | <orthopaedics> A dislocation of the knee cap most often occurs with the knee cap moving laterally (toward the outer aspect of the leg). Features include a partially flexed knee joint with obvious displacement of the knee cap laterally. Reduction is accomplished with knee joint extension and gently coaxing the knee cap back to the midline. (17 Dec 1997) |