| 영문 | carotid artery | 한글 | 목동맥 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 머리부분의 혈액을 공급하는 동맥. 온목동맥는 대동맥에서 직접 나오는 동맥으로, 바깥목동맥와 속목동맥로 나뉜다. 속목동맥은 뇌의 혈액을 공급하는 역할을 하고, 바깥목동맥은 뇌를 제외한 머리부분에 혈액을 공급하는 역할을 한다. |
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| 영문 | coronary artery bypass surgery | 한글 | 심장동맥 두름길수술, 심장동맥우회로 수술 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장동맥이란 심장에 혈액을 공급하는 동맥을 이르는 말로 심장역시 근육이어서 혈액을 공급받아야 수축을 할 수가 있다. 심장동맥이 좁아질 경우에는 심장에 혈액의 공급이 없어져서 심장동맥병이라는 병을 일으킨다. 심장동맥 두름길수술(coronary artery bypass surgery)이란 심장동맥병에서 좁아진 혈관부위 때문에 생기는 혈액공급이 적어진 부위에 혈액공급을 원활하게 해주는 수술방법으로 다른 부위의 혈관이나 인공적인 물질을 이용해서 좁아진 혈관부위의 앞, 뒤를 연결하여 혈류가 좁아진 부분을 지나지 않고 새로 연결된 부분을 지나게 하여 혈류를 증가시키는 방법이다. |
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| 영문 | coronary artery disease | 한글 | 심장동맥병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장동맥이란 심장에 혈액을 공급하는 동맥을 말한다. 심장도 다른 근육과 마찬가지로 혈액을 공급받아야 수축을 할 수가 있는 기관으로 심장의 혈액을 공급하는 동맥을 심장동맥이라고 한다. 심장동맥병이란 심장동맥의 내경이 좁아져서 생기는 질환으로 허혈심장병(ischemic heart disease)이라고도 불린다. 관상동맥이 좁아질 경우에는 심장으로 가는 혈액의 양이 적어져서 심장에 충분한 혈액이 공급이 되지 못하므로 여러 가지 병적인 현상이 생긴다. 심장동맥이 좁아지는 데에는 여러 가지 원인이 있을 수가 있으나 주로 심장동맥의 동맥경화증에 의한다. 동맥경화증이란 동맥의 내층에 지방과 콜레스테롤로 이루어진 죽종(atheroma)가 생기는 질환으로 죽종이 생긴 동맥은 죽종이 혈관의 내부로 돌출하게 되어서 혈관의 내경이 작아지게 된다. 심장동맥병은 그 정도에 따라서 협심증(angina pectoris)와 심근경색증(myocardial infarction)으로 나눈다. 협심증은 심장동맥의 부분적 폐쇄에 의해서 평상시에는 증상이 없지만 심장이 많은 활동을 할 경우에 심장에 피가 충분한 만큼 공급이 되지 않아서 생기는 질병으로 평상시에 쉴 경우에는 아무 증상이 없지만 운동이나 과식 등의 원인으로 심장이 많은 운동을 할 경우에 심장에 공급되는 혈액의 양이 모자라서 증상(대개 가슴부위에 쥐어짜는 듯한 통증)이 생긴다. 심근경색증이란 심장동맥의 완전폐쇄에 의해서 심장의 근육이 혈액을 전혀 공급받지 못해서 심장의 근육이 썩는 경우를 말한다. |
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| BM | Bachelor of Medicine; barium meal; basal medium; basal metabolism; basement membrane; basilar membra... |
|---|---|
| AC | abdominal circumference; abdominal compression; absorption coefficient; abuse case; acetate; acetylc... |
| BPSA | bronchopulmonary segmental artery |
| SRA | segmental renal artery; serum renin activity; spleen repopulating activity |
| LADA | laboratory animal dander allergy; left acromio-dorso-anterior [position]; left anterior descending a... |
| segmental arteries of kidney | The branches of the renal artery that supply the anatomical segments of kidney. Usually five in number, they are end arteries and give off interlobar, arcuate and interlobular arteries in sequence. The latter send afferent arterioles to the glomeruli as well as branches to the kidney capsule. The segmental arteries of the kidney are identified as: anterior inferior (arteriae segmenti anterioris inferioris renis ); anterior superior (arteriae segmenti anterioris superioris renis ); inferior (arteriae segmenti inferioris renis ); posterior (arteriae segmenti posterioris renis ); and superior (arteriae segmenti superioris renis ). Synonym: arteriae renis, arteries of kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| segmental atelectasis | Partial collapse of one or more individual pulmonary segments. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental bronchus | One of the divisions of the lobar bronchus that supplies a bronchopulmonary segment. In the right lung there are commonly ten: in the superior lobe, the apical (B1) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis apicalis; posterior (B2) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis (BII) posterior; and anterior (B3) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis (BIII) anterior; in the middle lobe, lateral (B4) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis (BIV) lateralis; and medial (B5) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis medialis (BV); in the inferior lobe, superior (B6) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis superior (BVI), medial basal (B7) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis medialis (BVII); anterior basal (B8) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis anterior (BVIII); lateral basal (B9) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis lateralis (BIX); and posterior basal (B10) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis posterior (BX). In the left lung there are commonly nine: in the superior lobe, the apicoposterior (B1+2) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis apicoposterior (BI+I); anterior (B3) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis anterior (BIII); superior lingular (B4) segmental bronchus, bronchus lingularis superior (BIV); and inferior lingular (B5) segmental bronchus, bronchus lingularis inferior (BV); in the inferior lobe, superior (B6) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis superior (BVI); medial basal (B7) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis medialis (cardiacus) (BVII), anterior basal (B8) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis anterior (BVIII); lateral basal (B9) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis lateralis (BIX); and posterior basal (B10) segmental bronchus, bronchus segmentalis basalis posterior (BX). Synonym: bronchus segmentalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental demyelinating polyneuropathy | A type of polyneuropathy in which almost solely the peripheral nerve myelin is affected; can be both familial (e.g., Charcot-Marie Tooth disease, type 1), or acquired (e.g., Guillain-Barre syndrome); on motor nerve conduction studies, manifested as conduction slowing or block. Synonym: segmental demyelinating polyneuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental fracture | A fracture in two parts of the same bone. Synonym: double fracture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental glomerulonephritis | Glomerulonephritis affecting only part of a glomerulus or glomeruli. Synonym: local glomerulonephritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental glomerulosclerosis | <nephrology> A kidney disorder that results in fibrosis and scarring in the kidney glomerulus. The cause is unknown but some cases can result from reflux nephropathy. The clinical manifestation of this kidney disorder is nephrotic syndrome. Symptoms include weight gain, swelling, hypertension and foamy urine. High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also seen with this disorder. Treatment has included the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Antihypertensive agents and diuretics may also be necessary. Over one-half will develop chronic renal failure within 10 years of diagnosis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| segmental mastectomy | <procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure in which only a portion of the breast is removed, including the cancer and the surrounding margin of healthy breast tissue. (09 Oct 1997) |
| segmental neuritis | Inflammation occurring at several points along the course of a nerve, segmental demyelinating neuropathy (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental plate | In a young embryo, the thickened dorsal portion of the undifferentiated paraxial mesoderm which becomes metamerically divided to form the mesodermal somites. Synonym: segmental plate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental sphincter | A sphincter of a segment of an organ, a tube, or a canal, and longer than an annular sphincter. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental tubule | An excretory tubule of the mesonephros. Synonym: segmental tubule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| segmental zone | In a young embryo, the thickened dorsal portion of the undifferentiated paraxial mesoderm which becomes metamerically divided to form the mesodermal somites. Synonym: segmental plate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| focal and segmental hyalinosis | <nephrology> A kidney disorder that results in fibrosis and scarring in the kidney glomerulus. The cause is unknown but some cases can result from reflux nephropathy. The clinical manifestation of this kidney disorder is nephrotic syndrome. Symptoms include weight gain, swelling, hypertension and foamy urine. High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also seen with this disorder. Treatment has included the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Antihypertensive agents and diuretics may also be necessary. Over one-half will develop chronic renal failure within 10 years of diagnosis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| focal segmental glomerulosclerosis | <nephrology> A kidney disorder that results in fibrosis and scarring in the kidney glomerulus. The cause is unknown but some cases can result from reflux nephropathy. The clinical manifestation of this kidney disorder is nephrotic syndrome. Symptoms include weight gain, swelling, hypertension and foamy urine. High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also seen with this disorder. Treatment has included the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Antihypertensive agents and diuretics may also be necessary. Over one-half will develop chronic renal failure within 10 years of diagnosis. (27 Sep 1997) |