| AN | acanthosis nigricans; acne neonatorum; acoustic neuroma; adult, normal; ala nasi; amyl nitrate; aneu... |
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| BPN | bacitracin, polymyxin B, neomycin sulfate; brachial plexus neuropathy |
| CSNA | congenital sensory neuropathy with anhidrosis [syndrome] |
| DN | Deiter's nucleus; dextrose-nitrogen; diabetic neuropathy; dibucaine number; dicrotic notch; dinitroc... |
| GAN | giant axon neuropathy |
| amyloid protein aa | A nonimmunoglobulin amyloid isolated from amyloid fibrils deposited in amyloidosis secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Antisera to amyloid protein aa have been used to detect a related serum protein saa. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| amyloid protein saa | A serum protein believed to be a circulating precursor to amyloid protein aa. It is present in low concentrations in normal sera, but found in much higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with amyloidosis or with diseases known to predispose to amyloidosis. Very high levels of this protein have been reported during acute inflammatory episodes. Antisera to amyloid protein aa cross-react with protein saa. (12 Dec 1998) |
| amyloid tumour | A localised form of amyloidosis in which amyloid occurs as masses or nodules beneath the skin or mucous membranes, e.g., in the larynx. Synonym: amyloid tumour, focal amyloidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-amyloid | <protein> The protein which forms thick deposits, or plaques, in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, a disease where memory skills gradually deteriorate with age. (13 Nov 1997) |
| cerebral amyloid angiopathy | <pathology> A condition where there is a deposition of amyloid (insoluble protein) in the walls of the arteries which supply the brain. This results in an increased risk of dementia and-or intracerebral haemorrhage. Cerebral amyloidosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy, is a complication of primary amyloidosis. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (27 Sep 1997) |
| serum amyloid | In secondary amyloidosis the fibrils deposited in tissues are unrelated to immunoglobulin light chains (in contrast to the situation in primary amyloidosis) and are made of amyloid A protein (AA protein). This is derived from serum amyloid A (SAA) that is the apolipoprotein of a high density lipoprotein and an acute phase protein. Partial proteolysis converts SAA into the pleated sheet configuration of the amyloid fibrils. Amyloid P protein is also found as a minor component of the fibrils (in both primary and secondary amyloidosis) and is derived from serum amyloid P that has similarity to C-reactive protein. The physiological role remains obscure. (18 Nov 1997) |
| serum amyloid P component | Precursor of amyloid component P, found in basement membrane. Member of the pentraxin family. See: serum amyloid. (18 Nov 1997) |
| islet amyloid peptide | <hormone, protein> Peptide of 37 amino acids that selectively inhibits insulin stimulated glucose uptake in muscle. Structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide. (15 Oct 1997) |
| asymmetric motor neuropathy | Neuropathy in which the loss of function is more marked in the extremities of one side of the body, old term for diabetic polyradiculopathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic neuropathy | <neurology, pathology> A group of symptoms which is caused by damage to the nerves which supply the internal organs. May be associated with diabetes, alcohol abuse, trauma (nerve injury) and the use of anticholinergic medications. Symptoms include abdominal swelling, heat intolerance, nausea, vomiting, impotence, diarrhoea, constipation, dizziness with standing, difficulty urinating and urinary incontinence. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (27 Sep 1997) |
| axillary neuropathy | <neurology, pathology> A condition involving dysfunction of the axillary nerve which normally supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles and sensation to the lateral aspect of the shoulder. This condition is a type of peripheral neuropathy that may manifest as the result of a variety of disease processes or injuries. Conditions associated with axillary nerve dysfunction include mononeuritis multiplex, fracture of the humerus, abduction injury to the shoulder, pressure to the armpit from a cast, splint or crutches. Symptoms include numbness over the outer portion of the shoulder, shoulder weakness and difficulty lifting arm or objects over your head. An EMG, nerve conduction study or muscle biopsy can be helpful in making the diagnosis. Recovery is generally spontaneous if the underlying cause can be corrected and shoulder mobility is preserved. Corticosteroid injections may be indicated in some instances. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (27 Sep 1997) |
| brachial plexus neuropathy | A neurological disorder, of unknown cause, characterised by the sudden onset of severe pain, usually about the shoulder and often beginning at night, soon followed by weakness and wasting of various forequarter muscles, particularly shoulder girdle muscles; both sporadic and familial in occurrence with the former much more common; often preceded by some antecedent event, such as an upper respiratory infection, hospitalization, vaccination, or non-specific trauma; usually attributed to a brachial plexus lesion, because the nerve fibres involed are most often derived from the upper trunk, but actually multiple proximal mononeuropathies. Synonym: acute brachial radiculitis, brachial plexitis, brachial plexus neuropathy, Parsonage-Turner syndrome, shoulder-girdle syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant axonal neuropathy | <paediatrics> A rare disorder beginning at or after the third year of life, and presenting clinically with kinky hair, progressive painless clumsiness, muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and areflexia. Pathologically, both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres contain axonal spheroids packed with neurofilaments; sporadic in nature. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin B12 neuropathy | A subacute or chronic disorder of the spinal cord, such as that occurring in certain patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, characterised by a slight to moderate degree of gliosis in association with spongiform degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns. Synonym: combined sclerosis, combined system disease, funicular myelitis, Putnam-Dana syndrome, vitamin B12 neuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Graves' optic neuropathy | Visual dysfunction due to optic nerve compression in Graves' orbitopathy. (05 Mar 2000) |