| emphysematous gastritis | <radiology> Rare but severe form of widespread phlegmonous gastritis secondary to, mucosal disruption, ingestion of toxic/corrosive substances (most common), alcohol abuse, trauma, gastric infarction, necrotizing enterocolitis, ulcer X-ray: linear small gas bubbles within grossly thickened wall, may be associated with gas in the portal vein prognosis: leads to cicatrical stenosis, 60-80% mortality (12 Dec 1998) |
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| traumatic gastritis | A condition of cattle, caused by the penetration of the stomach wall, usually the reticulum, by any kind of sharp object (usually metallic) which has been swallowed. Synonym: hardware disease, traumatic reticuloperitonitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| eosinophilic gastritis | <radiology> Eosinophilic infiltration of mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis of small bowel with or without stomach, stomach (almost always limited to antrum): enlarged gastric rugae, cobblestone nodules, polyps (=mucosal type), rigid wall with narrowed antrum/pylorus, bulky inramural mass up to 9 cm (=muscular type), wet stomach, ulcers rare, may have ascites, small bowel (predominantly jejunum), thickening and distortion of folds (=mucosal type), effacement of mucosa and narrowing of lumen (=muscular type), prognosis: tendency to spontaneous remission, treatment: steroids; removal of sensitizing agent (12 Dec 1998) |
| erosive gastritis | <gastroenterology> A form of severe inflammation of the stomach that can result in erosions in the lining of the stomach. Complications include perforation, penetration (into a surrounding organ) and haemorrhage. (27 Sep 1997) |
| exfoliative gastritis | Gastritis with excessive shedding of mucosal epithelial cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abdomen, acute | Clinical syndrome characterised by abdominal pain of great severity associated with other symptoms and signs, usually those of acute peritonitis, which might well be the result of a ruptured abdominal viscus or a similar abdominal catastrophe requiring urgent surgical operation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acute | 1. Sharp, poignant. 2. Having a short and relatively severe course. Origin: L. Acutus = sharp (18 Nov 1997) |
| acute abdomen | Any serious acute intra-abdominal condition (such as appendicitis) attended by pain, tenderness, and muscular rigidity, and for which emergency surgery must be considered. Synonym: surgical abdomen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute abscess | A recently formed abscess with little or no fibrosis in the wall of the cavity. Synonym: hot abscess. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute adrenal crisis | <endocrinology> An abrupt life-threatening state which is caused by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal gland. A typical finding in Addison's disease. Individuals who have been taking corticosteroids (glucocorticoids) for a prolonged period of time (weeks to months) are at risk for acute adrenal crisis if the medication is stopped abruptly. For this reason, corticosteroid medication are withdrawn slowly on a diminishing dosing schedule. Symptoms include low blood pressure (shock), weakness, headache, vomiting, fever chills, tachycardia and sweating. Treatment includes blood pressure support and intravenous hydrocortisone. (27 Sep 1997) |
| acute adrenocortical insufficiency | Severe adrenocortical insufficiency when an intercurrent illness or trauma causes an increased demand for adrenocortical hormones in a patient with adrenal insufficiency due to disease or use of relatively large amounts of similar hormones as therapy; characterised by nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and frequently hyperthemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, and hypoglycaemia; can be fatal if untreated. Synonym: addisonian crisis, adrenal crisis, Bernard-Sergent syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute African sleeping sickness | A disease of humans caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in eastern Africa from Ethiopia and Uganda south to Zimbabwe; it is clinically similar to Gambian trypanosomiasis but of shorter duration and more acute in form; patients suffer repeated episodes of pyrexia, become anaemic, and die commonly from cardiac failure. Synonym: acute African sleeping sickness, acute trypanosomiasis, East African sleeping sickness, East African trypanosomiasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute alcoholism | A temporary deterioration in mental function, accompanied by muscular incoordination and paresis, induced by the rapid ingestion of alcoholic beverages. Synonym: intoxication. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute angle | Any angle less than 90 |
| acute angle closure glaucoma | <ophthalmology> An increase in pressure within the anterior chamber of the eye. There are two forms of glaucoma: acute angle closure and open angle glaucoma. (27 Sep 1997) |