| 영문 | acetylsalicylic acid | 한글 | 아세틸살리실산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 상품명이 아스피린(asprin)인 약. 대표적인 비스테로이드 항염약이다. 즉 항염증(anti-inflammatory), 진통(analgesis), 해열(anti-pyretic)의 효과가 모두 뛰어나지만 위장장애, 과다호흡, 라이증후군(Reye syndrome) 등의 부작용이 있다. |
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| 영문 | uric acid | 한글 | 요산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 결정성의 산. 2, 6, 8-trioxypurine. 화학식은 C5H4N4O3로 사람과 동물의 오줌에서 얻을 수 있다. 핵의 대사산물의 하나. 물, 알콜, 에테르(ether)에는 거의 녹지 않으나 알칼리염의 용액에는 녹는다. 이것의 나트륨염 형태(sodium urate)가 결석의 대부분을 차지한다. 급성백혈병 치료 초기단계와 통풍(Gout)에서 혈중요산이 급격히 오를 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast bacillus | 한글 | 항산막대균, 항산균 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 아닐린 색소에 염색되기 힘드나 일단 염색되면 강산으로 처리하여도 탈색되지 아니하는 세균을 통틀어 이르는 말. 결해균, 나병균 따위가 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast staining | 한글 | 항산염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 항산성성질(좀처럼 염색이 되지 않으나 한번 염색이 되면 산성용액에 의해서 탈색이 되지 않는 성질)을 가진 균(예를 들면 결핵균 등)의 검출에 이용되는 염색방법. 방법에는 Ziehl-Neelson법과 Kinyoun법 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| PAA | partial agonist activity; phenylacetic acid; phosphonoacetic acid; physical abilities analysis; plas... |
|---|---|
| ASA | acetylsalicylic acid; active systemic anaphylaxis; Adams-Stokes attack; American Society of Anesthes... |
| CA | anterior commissure [Lat. commissura anterior]; calcium antagonist; California [rabbit]; cancer; Can... |
| DHA | dehydroacetic acid; dehydroascorbic acid; dehydroepiandrosterone; dihydroacetic acid; dihydroxyaceto... |
| FA | false aneurysm; Families Anonymous; Fanconi anemia; far advanced; fatty acid; febrile antigen; femor... |
| copy number | The number of molecules of a particular type on or in a cell or part of a cell. Usually applied to specific genes or to plasmids within a bacterium. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| Polenske number | The number of milliliters of 0.1 n KOH required to neutralise the nonvolatile fatty acids obtained from 5 g of a saponified fat or oil. (05 Mar 2000) |
| CT number | A normalised value of the calculated X-ray absorption coefficient of a pixel (picture element) in a computed tomogram, expressed in Hounsfield units, where the CT number of air is -1000 and that of water is zero. Synonym: Hounsfield number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| haploid number | <cell biology, genetics> The haploid number is the total number of chromosomes in a single set, such as would be found in a gamete or a haploid somatic cell (such as in fungus or gametophyte plants). In humans, the haploid number would be 23. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Hehner number | The weight or percentage of the nonvolatile fatty acids yielded by 5 g of a saponified fat or oil. Synonym: Hehner value. (05 Mar 2000) |
| saponification number | The number of milligrams of KOH required to saponify 1 g of fat; an approximate measure of the average molecular weight of a fat, with which it varies inversely. Synonym: Koettstorfer number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Hogben number | Unique personal identifying number constructed by using a sequence of digits for birth date, sex, birthplace, and other identifiers; invented by and named for Lancelot Hogben, British mathematician; Hogben numbers are the basis for identification numbers in many primary care facilities and are used in many record linkage systems. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Hounsfield number | A normalised value of the calculated X-ray absorption coefficient of a pixel (picture element) in a computed tomogram, expressed in Hounsfield units, where the CT number of air is -1000 and that of water is zero. Synonym: Hounsfield number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydrogen number | The quantity of hydrogen that 1 g of fat will absorb; it is a measurement of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the fat. See: iodine number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stoichiometric number | The number associated with a reactant or product participating in a defined chemical reaction; usually an integer. (05 Mar 2000) |
| number | 1. To count; to reckon; to ascertain the units of; to enumerate. "If a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered." (Gen. Xiii. 16) 2. To reckon as one of a collection or multitude. "He was numbered with the transgressors." (Is. Liii. 12) 3. To give or apply a number or numbers to; to assign the place of in a series by order of number; to designate the place of by a number or numeral; as, to number the houses in a street, or the apartments in a building. 4. To amount; to equal in number; to contain; to consist of; as, the army numbers fifty thousand. "Thy tears can not number the dead." (Campbell) Numbering machine, a machine for printing consecutive numbers, as on railway tickets, bank bills, etc. Synonym: To count, enumerate, calculate, tell. Origin: OE. Nombren, noumbren, F. Nombrer, fr. L. Numerare, numeratum. See Number. 1. That which admits of being counted or reckoned; a unit, or an aggregate of units; a numerable aggregate or collection of individuals; an assemblage made up of distinct things expressible by figures. 2. A collection of many individuals; a numerous assemblage; a multitude; many. "Ladies are always of great use to the party they espouse, and never fail to win over numbers." (Addison) 3. A numeral; a word or character denoting a number; as, to put a number on a door. 4. Numerousness; multitude. "Number itself importeth not much in armies where the people are of weak courage." (Bacon) 5. The state or quality of being numerable or countable. "Of whom came nations, tribes, people, and kindreds out of number." (2 Esdras III. 7) 6. Quantity, regarded as made up of an aggregate of separate things. 7. That which is regulated by count; poetic measure, as divisions of time or number of syllables; hence, poetry, verse; chiefly used in the plural. "I lisped in numbers, for the numbers came." (Pope) 8. The distinction of objects, as one, or more than one (in some languages, as one, or two, or more than two), expressed (usually) by a difference in the form of a word; thus, the singular number and the plural number are the names of the forms of a word indicating the objects denoted or referred to by the word as one, or as more than one. 9. <mathematics> The measure of the relation between quantities or things of the same kind; that abstract species of quantity which is capable of being expressed by figures; numerical value. Abstract number, Abundant number, Cardinal number, etc. See Abstract, Abundant, etc. In numbers, in numbered parts; as, a book published in numbers. Origin: OE. Nombre, F. Nombre, L. Numerus; akin to Gr. That which is dealt out, fr. To deal out, distribute. See Numb, Nomad, and cf. Numerate, Numero, Numerous. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| dibucaine number | A test for differentiation of one of several forms of atypical pseudocholinesterases that are unable to inactivate succinylcholine at normal rates; based upon percent inhibition of the enzymes by dibucaine, normal enzyme has a DN of 75 and above, heterozygous atypical enzyme has a DN of 40-70, and homozygous atypical enzyme has a DN of less than 20. See: fluoride number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dominance threshold number | The number at which 50 percent of the total dominance measure for a given stratum is represented by one or more plant species when ranked in descending order of abundance (i.e., from most to least abundant), when this number is immediately exceeded, the dominant species for the stratum are realised. (09 Oct 1997) |
| iodine number | An indication of the quantity of unsaturated fatty acids present in a fat; it represents the number of grams of iodine absorbed by each 100 g of fat. See: hydrogen number. Synonym: iodine value. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation number | The number of electrons necessary to restore an atom in a combined state to its elemental form. (09 Oct 1997) |