| resorcinol phthalic anhydride | <chemical> Fluorophore commonly used in microscopy. Fluorescein di acetate can be used as a vital stain or can be conjugated to proteins (particularly antibodies) using isothiocyanate. Excitation is at 365nm and the emitted light is green yellow (450-490nm). The emission spectrum is pH sensitive and fluorescein can therefore be used to measure pH in intracellular compartments. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| coumaric anhydride | <drug> O hydroxycinnamic acid. Pleasant smelling compound found in many plants and released on wilting (probably a major component of the smell of fresh hay). Has anticoagulant activity by competing with Vitamin K. (18 Nov 1997) |
| silicic anhydride | Fine particulate dust from quartz rock that is known to cause a progressive lung injury over long-term. See: pneumoconiosis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| trimethylglycocoll anhydride | <chemical> A derivative of glycine characterised by high water solubility. Can function as an osmotic agent in plant tissues. See: biogenic amines. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acetic | <chemistry> Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing vinegar; as, acetic fermentation. Pertaining to, containing, or derived from, acetyl, as acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is due. Origin: L. Acetum = vinegar, fr. Acere to be sour. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| acetic acid | <chemical> The acid most commonly associated with vinegar, it is the most commercially important organic acid and is used to manufacture a wide range of chemical products, such as plastics and Acetobacter but, except for making vinegar, is usually made through synthetic processes. Derivatives of acetic acid which may be formed by substitution reactions. Mono- and di-substituted, as well as, halogenated compounds have been synthesised. Experimentally, alpha- and n2- substituted acetic acids have been examined for their anti-inflammatory activity and effect on the central nervous system respectively. Additionally, limited exposure data has been collected on dibromo and dichloroacetic acids to determine whether they pose health effects. Synonym: ethanoic acid. (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetic aldehyde | <chemical> A colourless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis. Chemical name: Acetaldehyde (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetic amide | <chemistry> A white crystalline solid, from ammonia by replacement of an equivalent of hydrogen by acetyl. It is used as a solvent and acts as a mild irritant. (25 Jun 1999) |
| acetic fermentation | <biochemistry> A type of fermentation conducted by certain microbes in which organic materials are broken down into acetic acid to generate ATP for energy. (09 Oct 1997) |
| acetic solution | A vinegar. (05 Mar 2000) |
| naphthalene acetic acid | <chemical> A synthetic auxin, often used in plant physiology and in plant tissue culture media because it is more stable than IAA. (18 Nov 1997) |
| indole acetic acid | <biochemistry, plant biology> The most common naturally occurring auxin. Promotes growth in excised plant organs, induces adventitious roots, inhibits axillary bud growth, regulates gravitropism. (18 Nov 1997) |
| (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) acetic acid | A herbicide and defoliant synthesised by condensation of chloracetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, used as the principal constituent of Agent Orange. (05 Mar 2000) |
| (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid | A herbicide, more toxic to broad-leaved dicotyledonous plants (weeds) than to monocotyledonous ones (grains and grass), used with (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid as a constituent of Agent Orange. (05 Mar 2000) |
| 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid | <biochemistry, tumour marker> This is a metabolite of serotonin that is excreted in the urine. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is synthesised from the amino acid tryptophan by enterochromaffin cells in the gut and bronchi. It is metabolised to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in the liver and then excreted in the urine. Elevations in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid can indicate carcinoid tumour. The normal range in a 24 hour urine collection is 3 to 15 mg per 24 hours. Acronym: 5-HIAA (13 Nov 1997) |