| 영문 | muscle biopsy | 한글 | 근육생검 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생체내에서 근육에 대한 질병의 감별진단을 위해서 실시하는 검사법. 방법은 병터가 있는 부위나 혹은 없어도 크게 활동에 지장이 없는 근육부위의 조직을 떼어 현미경적으로 검사한다. 예를 들어 신경조직의 이상으로 인한 근육병터의 경우, 근육생검을 하여 관찰해보면 이른바 “무리진 위축(grouped atrophy)”이 나타나서, 다른 병터에 의한 것과 감별이 가능하다. |
||
| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
||
| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
||
| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
||
| AC | abdominal circumference; abdominal compression; absorption coefficient; abuse case; acetate; acetylc... |
|---|---|
| CAT | California Achievement Test; capillary agglutination test; catalase; cataract; catecholamine; Childr... |
| IO | incisal opening; inferior oblique; inferior olive; internal os; interorbital; intestinal obstruction... |
| RSO | radiation safety officer; Resident Surgical Officer; right superior oblique [muscle] |
| SO | salpingo-oophorectomy; Schlatter-Osgood [test]; second opinion; sex offender; spheno-occipital [sync... |
oblique view (사위 방향 촬영법
| internal sphincter muscle of anus | <anatomy> A smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular fibres of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter. This sphincter is maximally-contracted when the rectal ampulla is at rest -empty or relaxed to accommodate a distending faecal mass. It is inhibited with filling of the ampulla, increased distension and peristalsis. Synonym: musculus sphincter ani internus, internal sphincter muscle of anus. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| astigmatism of oblique pencils | An aberration occurring when a bundle of light rays strikes a refracting medium in some other direction than parallel to the axis of the lens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Marshall's oblique vein | A small vein on the posterior wall of the left atrium which merges with the great cardiac vein to form the coronary sinus; it is developed from the left common cardinal vein, and occasionally persists as a left superior vena cava. Synonym: vena obliqua atrii sinistri, Marshall's oblique vein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sliding oblique osteotomy | An oral surgical procedure in which the mandibular ramus is cut vertically from the sigmoid notch to the angle to facilitate posterior repositioning of the mandible in correction of mandibular prognathism; it may be performed extraorally or intraorally, and is similar to vertical osteotomy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior oblique | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, above the medial margin of the optic canal; insertion, by a tendon passing through the trochlea, or pulley, and then reflected backward, downward, and laterally to the sclera between the superior and lateral recti; action, primary, intorsion; secondary, depression and abduction; nerve supply, trochlear nerve. Synonym: musculus obliquus superior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| illumination, oblique | <microscopy> Illumination from light inclined at an oblique angle to the optical axis. (05 Aug 1998) |
| inferior oblique | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, orbital plate of maxilla lateral to the lacrimal groove; insertion, sclera between the superior and lateral recti; action, primary, extorsion; secondary, elevation and abduction; nerve supply, oculomotor (inferior branch). Synonym: musculus obliquus inferior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique | 1. Not erect or perpendicular; neither parallel to, nor at right angles from, the base; slanting; inclined. "It has a direction oblique to that of the former motion." (Cheyne) 2. Not straightforward; indirect; obscure; hence, disingenuous; underhand; perverse; sinister. "The love we bear our friends. Hath in it certain oblique ends." (Drayton) "This mode of oblique research, when a more direct one is denied, we find to be the only one in our power." (De Quincey) "Then would be closed the restless, oblique eye. That looks for evil, like a treacherous spy." (Wordworth) 3. Not direct in descent; not following the line of father and son; collateral. "His natural affection in a direct line was strong, in an oblique but weak." (Baker) Oblique angle, Oblique ascension, etc. See Angle,Ascension, etc. Oblique arch, that part of the curtain whence the fire of the opposite bastion may be discovered. Oblique leaf. <botany> A system in which the coordinate axes are oblique to each other. Origin: F, fr. L. Obliquus; ob (see Ob-) + liquis oblique; cf. Licinus bent upward, Gr slanting Alternative forms: oblike. <geometry> An oblique line. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| oblique amputation | Amputation in which the line of section through an extremity is at other than a right angle; this yields an oval appearance to the cut surface (hence sometimes, though rarely, referred to as an oval amputation). (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique arytenoid | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, muscular process of arytenoid cartilage; insertion, summit of arytenoid cartilage of opposite side and continuing as the aryepiglottic muscle in the aryepiglottic fold to the epiglottis; action, narrows the interarytenoid portion of the rima glottidis; nerve supply, recurrent laryngeal. Synonym: musculus arytenoideus obliquus, arytenoideus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique bandage | A bandage in which the successive turns proceed obliquely up or down the limb. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique bundle of pons | A bundle of fibres in the ventral surface of the pons running from the anterior mesial portion outward and backward. Synonym: fasciculus obliquus pontis, oblique bundle of pons. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique cord | A slender band extending from the lateral part of the coronoid process of the ulna distad and laterad to the radius immediately distal to the bicipital tuberosity. Synonym: chorda obliqua, oblique cord, round ligament of elbow joint, Weitbrecht's cord, Weitbrecht's ligament. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique diameter | A measurement across the pelvic inlet from the sacroiliac joint of one side to the opposite iliopectineal eminence. Synonym: diameter obliqua. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oblique facial cleft | Congenital facial cleft from mouth to the inner canthus of the eye. Synonym: oblique facial cleft. Origin: prosopo-+ G. Schisis, fissure (05 Mar 2000) |