| Russell traction | An improvement of Buck's extension that permits the resultant vector of the applied traction force to be changed, for fractures of the femur. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Russell, William | <person> Scottish physician, 1852-1940. See: Russell bodies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Russell, William James | <person> English chemist, 1830-1909. See: Russell effect. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hooked bundle of Russell | Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Silver-Russell dwarfism | <syndrome> A disorder characterised by low birth weight, late closure of the anterior fontanel, bilateral bodily asymmetry, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, triangular facies, and carp mouth; little useful genetic evidence. Synonym: Silver-Russell dwarfism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Silver-Russell syndrome | <syndrome> A disorder characterised by low birth weight, late closure of the anterior fontanel, bilateral bodily asymmetry, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, triangular facies, and carp mouth; little useful genetic evidence. Synonym: Silver-Russell dwarfism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| uncinate bundle of Russell | Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| uncinate fasciculus of Russell | Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leiter, Russell | <person> U.S. Psychologist, *1901. See: Leiter International Performance Scale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Abbott, Alexander | <person> U.S. Bacteriologist, 1860-1935. See: Abbott's stain for spores. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alexander disease | <radiology> Dysmyelinating disease, rare, sporadic, usually presents in 1st year, gradual enlargement of head (Differential diagnosis: Canavan disease), retardation, convulsion, spasticity CT findings: decreased density of white matter, frontal lobe predominance, with or without dilated lateral ventricles Diagnosis: brain biopsy (12 Dec 1998) |
| Alexander Fleming | <person> This native of Scotland studied medicine at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School in London, where he won almost every prize and scholarship prize available. He graduated with honors in 1908 and 20 years later became Professor of Bacteriology at his alma mater. During World War I, he devoted his interest to problems of infection and developed an antiseptic proteolytic substance, lysozyme (muramidase). He managed a vaccine for acne, and developed a miniature technique for the Wassermann (syphilis) reaction. Although the Belgians, Gratin and Path, in 1925 reported a mould, Streptothrix, which inhibited the growth of staphylococcus, Alexander Fleming was the first to prove such in 1928. Fleming found the mould Penicillium notatum, listed the organisms sensitive to it, emphasised that it was not toxic to leukocytes, and used it on surface wounds 12 years before it became commercially available. Fleming's description of his discovery is interesting - "I opened a culture plate of staphylococci and something fell from the air onto the plate. Later I saw lysis of the staphylococci colony. Instead of casting out the contaminated culture with "appropriate language," I made some investigations. My lab was dingy and dim coloured. If this had been an American lab, this could never have been discovered." He shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1945 with Florey and Chain, who extracted penicillin from the mould and commercially produced it. Lived: 1881-1955. (15 Nov 1997) |
| Alexander, Gustav | <person> Austrian otolaryngologist, *1873. See: Alexander's deafness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Alexander of Tralles | <person> Alexander was the youngest of five famous brothers and he too was a famous physician in his day and once practiced in Rome, where he has been introduced lately as one of the greatest scholars from the time of Galen to the Renaissance. He is chiefly remembered as the Father of Helminthology (study of parasitic worms). He accurately differentiated the Oxyuria, a species of intestinal worms which he treated with enemas of ethereal oil. He treated lesions of the upper bowel orally, and lesions of the lower bowel by the anus. He also introduced wine of colchicum for the treatment of gout, and this drug has remained as a current treatment. Alexander's pharmacy texts were required reading five centuries later at the University of Paris. His greatest book was 12 Books on Medicine. Lived: 525-605. (15 Nov 1997) |
| Alexander's deafness | High frequency deafness due to membranous cochlear dysplasia. (05 Mar 2000) |