| AAO | American Academy of Osteopathy; American Academy of Ophthalmology; American Academy of Optometry; Am... |
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| ACO | acute coronary occlusion; alert, cooperative, and oriented; anodal closure odor |
| A&O, A/O | alert and oriented |
| AVPU | alert, verbal, painful, unresponsive [neurologic test] |
| MAC | MacConkey [broth]; major ambulatory category; malignancy-associated changes; maximum allowable conce... |
| South American trypanosomiasis | Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma (or Schizotrypanum) cruzi and transmitted by certain species of reduviid (triatomine) bugs. In its acute form, it is seen most frequently in young children, with swelling of the skin at the site of entry, most often the face, and regional lymph node enlargement; in its chronic form it can assume several aspects, commonly cardiomyopathy, but megacolon and megaesophagus also occur; natural reservoirs include dogs, armadillos, rodents, and other domestic, domiciliated, and wild mammals. Synonym: Chagas' disease, Chagas-Cruz disease, Cruz trypanosomiasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| south Australia | A state in south central Australia. Its capital is adelaide. It was probably first visited by f. Thyssen in 1627. Later discoveries in 1802 and 1830 opened up the southern part. It became a british province in 1836 with this self-descriptive name and became a state in 1901. (12 Dec 1998) |
| south southerly | <zoology> The old squaw; so called in imitation of its cry. Synonym: southerly, and southerland. See Old. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| new south wales | A state in southeastern Australia. Its capital is sydney. It was discovered by captain cook in 1770 and first settled at botany bay by marines and convicts in 1788. It was named by captain cook who thought its coastline resembled that of south wales. (12 Dec 1998) |
| indians, south american | An ethnic group belonging to the mongoloid racial stock in south america. (12 Dec 1998) |
| AIDS | <immunology, syndrome> An epidemic disease caused by an infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1, HIV-2), a retrovirus that causes immune system failure and debilitation and is often accompanied by infections such as tuberculosis. AIDS is spread through direct contact with bodily fluids. Acronym: AIDS (10 May 1997) |
| aids-associated nephropathy | Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterised by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients. (12 Dec 1998) |
| AIDS-defining illness | <immunology> One of a list of serious illnesses that occurs in HIV-positive individuals and is reason for an AIDS diagnosis according to the CDC's definition of AIDS. Among these conditions are PCP, MAC, AIDS dementia complex, AIDS wasting syndrome, invasive cervical cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma and CMV retinitis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| AIDS dementia | <immunology> A frequent cerebral condition in people with AIDS that results in the loss of cognitive capacity, affecting the ability to function in a social or occupational setting. Its cause has not been determined exactly, but may result from HIV infection of cells in the brain or an inflammatory reaction to such infection. (09 Oct 1997) |
| AIDS dementia complex | <immunology> A frequent cerebral condition in people with AIDS that results in the loss of cognitive capacity, affecting the ability to function in a social or occupational setting. Its cause has not been determined exactly, but may result from HIV infection of cells in the brain or an inflammatory reaction to such infection. (09 Oct 1997) |
| aids-related complex | A prodromal phase of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating aids-related complex (arc) from aids include elevated or hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in aids; follicular or mixed hyperplasia in arc lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte degeneration and depletion more typical of aids; evolving succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown aids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| aids-related opportunistic infections | Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with mycobacterium avium complex, microsporidium, and cytomegalovirus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| AIDS-related virus | An obsolete term for human immunodeficiency virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aids serodiagnosis | Immunologic tests for identification of HIV (HTLV-III/lav) antibodies. They include assays for HIV seropositivity and HIV seronegativity (elisa, immunofluorescence, immunoblot, etc.) that have been developed for screening persons carrying the viral antibody from patients with overt symptoms of aids or aids-related complex. (12 Dec 1998) |
| AIDS test | <investigation> A test which is performed on a standard venipuncture blood specimen which detects the presence of antibodies to HIV (virus). This test may not be positive for 3 to 6 months after infection with HIV. (27 Sep 1997) |