| 영문 | muscular system | 한글 | 근육계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육에 의해 이루어진 하나의 계통을 임의적으로 나누어 부른 말. |
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| 영문 | male reproductive system | 한글 | 남성생식기계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 남성의 생식기는 여러 기관으로 구성되어 있다. 고환, 부고환, 정관, 정낭, 전립샘, 외부성기(음경) 등으로 구성되는데, 실제적으로 정자를 생성하는 곳은 단 한 곳 고환뿐이며, 나머지 기관은 이를 돕는 기능을 수행하고 있다. 정자는 고환의 정세관이란 곳에서 만들어진 뒤에 밖으로 나와 긴 여정을 시작하게 된다. 그 뒤 부고환을 지나 좀 더 성숙해 진 뒤에 정관에서 정낭의 분비물과 만나고 다시 요도로 나가게 된다. 이때 요도 뒤쪽에 위치하는 전립샘의 분비물이 합쳐지게 되고 이 정액은 외부성기를 거쳐서 밖으로 나가게 된다.  |
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| 영문 | lymphatic system | 한글 | 림프계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 맥관계라고 하면, 혈관계와 림프관계를 합쳐서 말한다. 이중에 림프에 의해 이루어지는 하나의 계통이다. |
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| 영문 | immune system | 한글 | 면역체계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 세포성분 및 분자성분의 복합체계로서, 이의 일차기능은 자기(self)를 비자기(not self)로부터 구별하고 외부생물 또는 물질에 대해 방어하는 것이다. 일차적인 세포성분은 림프구와 큰포식세포이며 일차적인 분자성분은 항체와 림포카인이다. |
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| 영문 | urinary system | 한글 | 비뇨기계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 비뇨기계통이라하면 콩팥으로부터 시작해서 요관, 방광, 요도에 이르는 일련의 오줌생성 및 저장, 배설기관을 일컫는다. 콩팥은 길이 약 2.5cm, 폭 약 5.1cm, 두께 약 2.5cm, 무게 약 120~160gm으로서, 내측에 콩팥문이 있어 혈관, 신경, 요관이 출입하고 있다. 콩팥은 속질과 겉질로 이루어져 있으며 수질은 10~15개의 추체(오줌을 모으는 역할)를 형성하고 겉질은 약 100만개의 콩팥단위으로 구성되어 있다. 요세관은 토리쪽뇨세관, 헨레고리, 먼쪽뇨세관, 집합관으로 형성되어 있으며, 추체와 술잔, 깔때기를 거쳐 요관으로 연결된다. 콩팥은 혈액을 여과하여 신체 신진대사의 최종산물을 오줌의 형태로 배설하며, 세포외액(extracellular fluid)의 전해질농도를 조절한다. 콩팥에서 형성된 오줌는 요관을 거쳐 방광에서 저장되고 있다가 적당한 시기가 되면 요도를 통해 외계로 배출된다. |
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| NIAMS | National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |
|---|---|
| SAIDS | sexually acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| PPS | Personal Preference Scale; physician, patient and society [course]; polyvalent pneumococcal polysacc... |
| ad | add [Lat. adde] let there be added [up to a specified amount] [Lat. addetur]; axiodistal; right ear ... |
| NES | not elsewhere specified |
| limb deformities, congenital | Congenital structural deformities of the upper and lower extremities collectively or unspecified. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| acquired | In medicine, the word acquired means new or added. New in the sense that it is not genetic (inherited) and added in the sense that is was not congenital (present at birth) but came along later. For example, AIDS is an acquired, not a genetic form of immune deficiency. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acquired agammaglobulinaemia | Heterogeneous group of immunodeficiency syndromes characterised by hypogammaglobulinaemia of most isotypes, variable B-cell defects, and the presence of recurrent bacterial infections. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acquired bronchiectasis | <chest medicine> Persistent and progressive dilation of bronchi or bronchioles as a consequence of inflammatory disease (lung infections), obstruction (tumour) or congenital abnormality (for example cystic fibrosis). Symptoms include fetid breath and paroxysmal coughing, with the expectoration of mucopurulent matter. It may affect the bronchioles uniformly (cylindric bronchiectasis) or occur in irregular pockets (sacculated bronchiectasis) or the dilated bronchi may have terminal bulbous enlargements (fusiform bronchiectasis). Although rarely congenital, it is most often an acquired condition in childhood. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acquired centric relation | See: centric jaw relation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired character | A character developed in a plant or animal as a result of environmental influences during the individual's life. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired cuticle | A thin film (about 1 um), derived mainly from salivary glycoproteins, which forms over the surface of a cleansed tooth crown when it is exposed to the saliva. Synonym: acquired cuticle, acquired enamel cuticle, brown pellicle, posteruption cuticle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired drives | Those drives not directly related to biological needs; a secondary drive can be learned as an offshoot of a primary drive, in which case it is often referred to as a motive. Synonym: acquired drives. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired eccentric relation | An eccentric relation that is assumed by habit in order to bring the teeth into occlusion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired epileptic aphasia | <syndrome> Acquired epileptic aphasia. The typical history is that of a child whose development is normal for several years and then, either suddenly or in a fluctuating manner, loses comprehension of speech and the ability to use speech to communicate. The seizures are of no specific type, and are mostly mild and infrequent partial or atypical absences. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acquired haemolytic anaemia | Nonhereditary acute or chronic anaemia associated with or caused by extracorpuscular factors, e.g., certain infectious agents, chemicals (including autoantibodies or therapeutic agents), burns, toxic materials from higher plant and animal forms (including snake venoms). (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired haemolytic icterus | Icterus and anaemia occuring in association with a moderate degree of splenomegaly, increased fragility of red blood cells, and increased amounts of urobilin in the urine. Synonym: icteroanaemia. Origin: G. Ikteros (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired hyperlipidaemia | <biochemistry> A condition of elevated blood triglycerides or blood cholesterol that is a result of secondary factors (for example poor diet, drug-related causes, diabetes, hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome). (27 Sep 1997) |
| acquired hyperlipoproteinaemia | Nonfamilial hyperlipoproteinaemia that develops as a consequence of some primary disease, such as thyroid deficiency. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia | Heterogeneous group of immunodeficiency syndromes characterised by hypogammaglobulinaemia of most isotypes, variable B-cell defects, and the presence of recurrent bacterial infections. (12 Dec 1998) |