| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| ERFS | electrophysiological ring finger splinting |
|---|---|
| IVR | idioventricular rhythm; intravaginal ring; isolated volume responder |
| KFR | Kayser-Fleischer ring |
| RARS | refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts |
| SAR | scatter/air ratio; seasonal allergic rhinitis; sexual attitude reassessment; slowly adapting recepto... |
| cardiac lymphatic ring | A group of lymph nodes surrounding the cardia of the stomach. Synonym: annulus lymphaticus cardiae, cardiac lymphatic ring. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| vascular ring | Anomalous arteries (aortic arches) congenitally encircling the trachea and oesophagus, at times producing pressure symptoms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| marginal ring ulcer of cornea | A slowly advancing intermittent ulcer involving the circumference of the corneal margin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| casting ring | A metal tube in which a refractory mold is made for casting metal dental restorations or appliances. Synonym: casting flask, casting ring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Vieussens' ring | A muscular ring surrounding the fossa ovalis in the wall of the right atrium of the heart. Synonym: annulus ovalis, margin of fossa ovalis, Vieussens' annulus, Vieussens' isthmus, Vieussens' limbus, Vieussens' ring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glaucomatous ring | A yellowish white ring surrounding the optic disk, indicating atrophy of the choroid in glaucoma. Synonym: glaucomatous ring. A halo surrounding lights, caused by corneal oedema in glaucoma. Synonym: rainbow symptom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pathologic retraction ring | A constriction located at the junction of the thinned lower uterine segment with the thick retracted upper uterine segment, resulting from obstructed labour; this is one of the classic signs of threatened rupture of the uterus. Synonym: Bandl's ring, Baudelocque's uterine circle, Scanzoni's second os. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medial crus of the superficial inguinal ring | Portion of the external oblique aponeurosis which passes medial to the superficial inguinal ring forming the medial boundary of the ring. Synonym: crus mediale annuli inguinalis superficialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Vossius' lenticular ring | A ring-shaped opacity found on the anterior lens capsule after contusion of the eye, due to pigment and blood. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Graefenberg ring | An obsolete term for a silver or silkworm gut ring designed for insertion into the uterine cavity as a means of contraception. (05 Mar 2000) |
| greater ring of iris | The outer, broader of the two zones of the iris. Synonym: annulus iridis major. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ring | A circle, or a circular line, or anything in the form of a circular line or hoop. 2. Specifically, a circular ornament of gold or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear, the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding ring. "Upon his thumb he had of gold a ring." (Chaucer) "The dearest ring in Venice will I give you." (Shak) 3. A circular area in which races are or run or other sports are performed; an arena. "Place me. O, place me in the dusty ring, Where youthful charioteers contened for glory." (E. Smith) 4. An inclosed space in which pugilists fight; hence, figuratively, prize fighting. "The road was an institution, the ring was an institution." 5. A circular group of persons. "And hears the Muses in a Aye round about Jove's alter sing." (Milton) 6. <geometry> The plane figure included between the circumferences of two concentric circles. The solid generated by the revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other figure. 7. <astronomy> An instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated inner surface opposite. 8. <botany> An elastic band partly or wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. 9. A clique; an exclusive combination of persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute offices, obtain contracts, etc. "The ruling ring at Constantinople." (E. A. Freeman) Ring armor, armor composed of rings of metal. See Ring mail, below, and Chain mail, under Chain. <chemistry> Ring blackbird, a graphic formula in the shape of a closed ring, as in the case of benzene, pyridine, etc. Ring mail, a kind of mail made of small steel rings sewed upon a garment of leather or of cloth. Ring micrometer. <astronomy> The ring ousel. The prize ring, the ring in which prize fighters contend; prize fighters, collectively. The ring. The body of sporting men who bet on horse races. The prize ring. Origin: AS. Hring, hrinc; akin to Fries. Hring, D. & G. Ring, OHG. Ring, hring, Icel. Hringr, DAn. & SW. Ring; cf. Russ. Krug'. Cf. Harangue, Rank a row,Rink. 1. To surround with a ring, or as with a ring; to encircle. "Ring these fingers." 2. <botany> To make a ring around by cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to ring branches or roots. 3. To fit with a ring or with rings, as the fingers, or a swine's snout. Origin: Ringed; Ringing. <veterinary> To rise in the air spirally. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ring abscess | An acute purulent inflammation of the corneal periphery in which a necrotic area is surrounded by an annular girdle of leukocytic infiltration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ring chromosome | A structurally abnormal chromosome in which the end of each chromosome arm has been lost and the broken arms have been reunited in ring formation. A ring chromosome is denoted by the symbol r. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ring chromosomes | Aberrant chromosomes with no ends. (12 Dec 1998) |