| 영문 | optic nerve | 한글 | 시각신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 시각을 인지하는 신경. 이 신경은 단지 감각신경으로서만 작용한다. 따라서 어떤 사물을 따라 눈을 움직일 수 있는 것은 이 시각신경과는 무관하다(이것은 눈돌림신경(oculomotor nerve)에 의해 가능하다). 또한 시각신경은 고위중추신경계인 뇌에서 직접 분지하므로 손상시 재생은 불가능하며, 이에 대한 치료법은 없다. |
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| 영문 | nerve | 한글 | 신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 여러 기관들의 서로간 상호연결체계가 바로 신경계이다. 이러한 신경계는 각 신경세포들에 의해 이루어지고 있으며, 여기에는 중추신경계(central nerve system: CNS)와 말초신경계(peripheral nerve system: PNS)가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수를 말하며, 말초신경계는 12쌍의 뇌신경(cranial nerve: 뇌에서 기시하여 주로 얼굴부위와 목 부위에 분포한다)과 31쌍의 척수신경(spinal nerve: spinal cord에서 각기 양쪽으로 쌍을 이루어 나오는데 주로 목이하부위의 신체 각 부분으로 분포하게 된다)으로 구성되어 있다. 또한 말초신경계에는 앞에서 말한 뇌신경과 척수신경외에 자율신경계가 존재한다. 자율신경계는 다시 교감신경과 부교감신경으로 나뉘어져 서로간의 올바른 상호작용으로 몸속에서 여러 가지 작용을 수행한다. |
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| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| NE | national emergency; necrotic enteritis; necrotizing enterocolitis; nephropathia epidemica; nerve end... |
|---|---|
| NRI | nerve root involvement; nerve root irritation; nonrespiratory infection |
| PN | papillary necrosis; parenteral nutrition; penicillin; perceived noise; percussion note; periarteriti... |
| CN | Cranial Nerve |
| NCV | Nerve Conduction Velocity |
| bladder neoplasms | Cancers or tumours of the bladder. The majority of bladder neoplasms are of the transitional cell variety and are usually papillary and multicentric. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| bone marrow neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such as myeloma. most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic. (12 Dec 1998) |
| breast neoplasms, male | Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being about 1% of that in females. Two-thirds of patients present with intraductal carcinoma. The average age of onset is 60 years for men. Orchiectomy was the standard treatment but it has been replaced by tamoxifen as the initial therapy since oestrogen-receptor-positive tumours are predominant in males. Orchiectomy and mastectomy may be used if initial drug therapy is not successful. The prognosis is worse than that for females. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vascular neoplasms | <oncology> Neoplasms located in vascular tissue or specific veins. They are differentiated from neoplasms, vascular tissue which are neoplasms composed of vascular tissue, such as angiofibroma or haemangioma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pancreatic cystic neoplasms | <radiology> Microcystic adenoma, glycogen, benign, mucinous cystic neoplasm, macrocystic adenoma, cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma, mucin, pre-malignant, Both occur more commonly in women, peak in middle age (12 Dec 1998) |
| pancreatic neoplasms | <radiology> Adenocarcinoma, most common, usually in pancreatic head, nasty (1-2% survival at 1 yr!), cystic neoplasms, slow-growing, more common in women, isleT-cell tumours, soft-tissue tumours (rare), metastases (breast, lung, melanoma, stomach, colon) (12 Dec 1998) |
| mammary neoplasms | Tumours of the mammary gland. Their occurrence is uncommon with the exception of the female dog, in which they account for 25% of all neoplasms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| paranasal sinus neoplasms | Neoplasms or tumours of the paranasal sinuses. Malignant neoplasms are rare, comprising 3% of all head and neck neoplasms. The majority arise in the maxillary sinus with malignancies of the ethmoid sinus constituting virtually all the remaining tumours. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genital neoplasms, male | Neoplasms of the male genitalia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| maxillary neoplasms | Cancer or tumours of the maxilla or upper jaw. (12 Dec 1998) |
| maxillary sinus neoplasms | Neoplasms or tumours of the maxillary sinus. The majority of paranasal sinus neoplasms arise here. They develop silently when confined to the sinus and produce symptoms on extension through the walls. (12 Dec 1998) |
| central nervous system neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cerebellar neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the cerebellum. (12 Dec 1998) |
| penile neoplasms | Cancers or tumours of the penis or of its component tissues. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cerebral ventricle neoplasms | Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles including the two lateral, third, and fourth ventricles. (12 Dec 1998) |