| lpm | lines per minute; liters per minute |
|---|---|
| MMV | mandatory minute ventilation; mandatory minute volume |
| EDIM | epizootic diarrhea of infant mice |
| PFC | pair-fed control [mice]; patient-focused care; pelvic flexion contracture; perfluorocarbon; pericard... |
| HEV | health and environment; hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus; hepatitis E virus; hepato-encephal... |
| mice, inbred mdx | A strain of mice arising from a spontaneous mutation (mdx) in inbred c57bl mice. This mutation is x chromosome-linked and produces viable homozygous animals that lack the muscle protein dystrophin, have high serum levels of muscle enzymes, and possess histological lesions similar to human muscular dystrophy. The histological features, linkage, and map position of mdx make these mice a worthy animal model of duchenne muscular dystrophy. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| mice, inbred mrl lpr | A mouse substrain that is genetically predisposed to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome, which has been found to be clinically similar to the human disease. It has been determined that this mouse strain carries a mutation in the fas gene. Also, the mrl/lpr is a useful model to study behavioural and cognitive deficits found in autoimmune diseases and the efficacy of immunosuppressive agents. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, inbred nod | A strain of non-obese diabetic mice developed in japan that has been widely studied as a model for T-cell-dependent autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which insulitis is a major histopathologic feature, and in which genetic susceptibility is strongly MHC-linked. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, inbred sencar | Mice selectively bred for hypersusceptibility to two-stage chemical skin carcinogenesis. They are also hypersusceptible to uv radiation tumourigenesis with single high-dose, but not chronic low-dose, exposures. Sencar (sensitive to carcinogenesis) mice are used in research as an animal model for tumour production. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, inbred strains | Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, jimpy | Myelin-deficient mutants which are from the inbred tabby-jimpy strain. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, knockout | Mice whose genome contains a gene whose function has been disrupted, or "knocked-out". A common method of producing disabled genes using recombinant DNA technology is by inserting an antibiotic resistance gene into the normal DNA sequence of a clone of the gene being studied. This disrupts the gene's action, thereby preventing it from making an active protein product. Cells in which this transfer is successful are then injected into mouse embryos, producing chimeric mice. These mice are bred to yield a strain in which all the cells contain the knocked-out gene. Knockout mice are used as animal models for various diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, and are helping to clarify the functions of the genes studied within the fields of immunology, cancer genetics, and developmental biology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, mutant strains | Mice bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, neurologic mutants | Mice which carry mutant genes for neurologic defects or abnormalities. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, nude | Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumour studies and studies on immune responses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, obese | Mutant mice exhibiting a marked obesity coupled with overeating, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, marked insulin resistance, and infertility when in a homozygous state. They may be inbred or hybrid. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, quaking | Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene, quaking (qk), associated with disorder in myelin formation and manifested by axial tremors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, scid | Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of b- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) syndrome in human infants. Scid mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing scid-human (scid-hu) haematochimeric mice. (12 Dec 1998) |
| mice, transgenic | Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated egg or embryo. The technique involves microinjection of foreign DNA fragments into the nucleus of the fertilised egg and transferring it into the uterus of a foster mother mouse. The inserted gene becomes integrated into every cell and tissue of the developing mouse, including its germ line cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| SCID mice | <abbreviation> Severe combined immunodeficient mice. (05 Mar 2000) |