| 영문 | stool guaiac test | 한글 | 대변 구아이악 검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대변내에 있을 수 있는 잠혈(눈에 보이지 않는 출혈)유무를 검사하는 방법으로, 혈구내의 heme peroxidase에 의해 guaiac이 산화되는 반응을 이용하여 측정한다. 방법은 3일간에 걸쳐 한 변에서 2군데씩 채취하여 검사한다. 위양성 반응(거짓으로 혈액이 있다고 나타나는 반응)은 식물 과산화효소를 함유하고 있는 홍당무의 섭취나 혈구 성분을 함유하고 있는 고기 섭취 등에서 나타날 수 있으며, 위음성 반응(실제로 혈액은 있지만, 혈액이 없다고 나타나는 반응)은 환원력을 가지고 있는 비타민 C의 복용시 나타날 수 있다. 특히 위양성 반응이 매우 흔하다. |
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| 영문 | Rorschach Test | 한글 | 로르샤하 검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 사고장애와 정서장애에 민감한 투사검사(projective test). 검은색과 몇가지 색으로 이루어진 잉크얼룩같은 도형이 그려진 10개의 카드를 이용한다. 피검자에게 카드를 보이고 본 것에 대해 말하도록 한다. 다음에는 얼룩의 어느 위치가 피검자가 말한 지각대상을 암시하는지 찾도록 한다. 피검자의 답변을 분석하면 그의 사고와 정서상태에 대한 정보를 얻을 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | Mantoux test | 한글 | 망토우검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 소아에 주로 실시하는 검사 방법으로, BCG접종후에나 혹은 결핵균에 한번이라도 노출된 경우에 양성반응으로 나온다. 우리나라에서는 생후 1개월에 BCG예방접종을 시행하므로 대부분 양성으로 나오게 되나, 이 예방접종을 받지 않은 상태에서 양성으로 나오면, 결핵균의 침투를 의심할 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | stress test | 한글 | 스트레스 검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 협심증이 일어나기 쉬운 환자에게서 그 정도를 판단하기위해 시행한다. 방법은 같은 곳에서 환자를 달리도록 한 다음, 얼마의 속도에서 혈압이 떨어지고 협심증 증상이 나타나는가를 검사한다. 대개 심할수록 낮은 속도에서도 증상이 빨리 나타난다. |
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| 영문 | visual field test | 한글 | 시야검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 눈을 한곳에 고정시킨 채, 관찰할 수 있는 주변공간을 시야라 한다. 시야를 검사하는 가장 간단한 방법은 대면검사(confronting test)이다. 이것은 피검사자의 눈을 검사자의 눈에 맞추어 보도록 하여 눈을 고정시킨채, 검사자가 손가락끝을 위쪽, 아래쪽, 왼쪽, 오른쪽, 그리고 비스듬히 경사진 곳 등으로 옮겨보아 피검사자가 관찰할 수 있는지 여부를 정하는 검사법이다. 이보다 정확한 검사법은 자동식 컴퓨터시야검사법이 있다. 대개, 눈자체의 이상이 있어도 시야검사에서 이상이 나오지만, 이외 뇌의 이상으로 시각의 형성경로에 이상이 있어도 역시 이상소견을 보인다. |
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| ASCS | admissions scheduling system |
|---|---|
| HAP | Handicapped Aid Program; Hazardous Air Pollutants [List]; hazardous air pollution; health alliance p... |
| HASP | Hospital Admissions and Surveillance Program |
| MAR | main admissions room; marasmus; marrow; maximal aggregation ratio; medication administration record;... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| medical diathermy | Diathermy of mild degree causing no destruction of tissue. Synonym: thermopenetration. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| medical directives, advance | Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by health care providers; (2) a health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for health-care decision-making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (this entry is based upon material from the national ms society). (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical errors | Errors or mistakes committed by health professionals which result in harm to the patient. They include errors in diagnosis (diagnostic errors), errors in the administration of drugs and other medications (medication errors), errors in the performance of surgical procedures, in the use of other types of therapy, in the use of equipment, and in the interpretation of laboratory findings. Medical errors are differentiated from malpractice in that the former are regarded as honest mistakes or accidents while the latter is the result of negligence, reprehensible ignorance, or criminal intent. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical ethics | The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the physician, patients, and fellow practitioners, as well as the physician's actions in the care of patients and in relations with their families. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medical examiner | A physician who examines a person and reports upon his physical condition to the company or individual at whose request the examination was made, in states or municipalities where the office of coroner has been abolished, a physician appointed to investigate all cases of sudden, violent, or suspicious death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medical futility | The absence of a useful purpose or useful result in a diagnostic procedure or therapeutic intervention. The situation of a patient whose condition will not be improved by treatment or instances in which treatment preserves permanent unconsciousness or cannot end dependence on intensive medical care. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical genetics | The study of the aetiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of human diseases which are at least partially genetic in origin. Compare: clinical genetics, human genetics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| medical illustration | The field which deals with illustrative clarification of biomedical concepts, as in the use of diagrams and drawings. The illustration may be produced by hand, photography, computer, or other electronic or mechanical methods. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical indigency | The condition in which an individual is unable to provide himself and his dependents with adequate medical care without depriving himself and his dependents of food, clothing, shelter, and other essentials of living. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical informatics | <study> Medical informatics is the use of computers and software to solve clinical or health care problems and the use of algorithms to improve communication, understanding and management of medical information. (09 Oct 1997) |
| medical informatics applications | Automated systems applied to the patient care process including diagnosis, therapy, and systems of communicating medical data within the health care setting. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical informatics computing | Precise procedural mathematical and logical operations utilised in the study of medical information pertaining to health care. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical jurisprudence | The application of medical knowledge to questions of law. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical missions, official | Travel by a group of physicians to a foreign country for the purpose of making a special study or of undertaking a special project of a short-term duration; not to be confused with missions and missionaries which covers permanent medical establishments and personnel maintained by religious organizations. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical model | A set of assumptions that views behavioural abnormalities in the same framework as physical disease or abnormalities. (05 Mar 2000) |