| rod myopathy | A congenital myofibrillar abnormality in which small threadlike or rod-shaped bodies are scattered through the muscle fibres. It is marked by hypotonia and proximal muscle weakness. It is also called rod myopathy with reference to the threadlike (greek nema, thread) rods or myofibrils (latin fibrilla, a little fibre or threadlike structure). (12 Dec 1998) |
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| rod nuclear cell | <pathology> Immature neutrophils released from the bone marrow reserve in response to acute demand. (18 Nov 1997) |
| rod outer segment | <ophthalmology, physiology> Major photoreceptor cell of vertebrate retina (about 125 million in a human eye). Columnar cells (about 40m long, 1m diameter) having three distinct regions: a region adjacent to and synapsed with, the neural layer of the retina contains the nucleus and other cytoplasmic organelles, below this is the inner segment, rich in mitochondria, that is connected through a thin neck (in which is located a ciliary body) to the outer segment. The outer segment largely consists of a stack of discs membrane infoldings that are incompletely separated in cones) that are continually replenished near the inner segment and that are shed from the distal end and phagocytosed by the pigmented epithelium. The membranes of the discs are rich in rhodopsin, the pigment that absorbs light. (03 Jul 1999) |
| rod outer segments | The portion of the retinal rod cell between the inner segment and the pigment epithelium layer of the retina. (12 Dec 1998) |
| rod vision | Vision when the eye is dark-adapted. See: dark adaptation, dark-adapted eye. Synonym: night vision, rod vision, scotopia, twilight vision. (05 Mar 2000) |
| withe-rod | <botany> A North American shrub (Viburnum nudum) whose tough osierlike shoots are sometimes used for binding sheaves. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| harrington rod insertion | <orthopaedics> A procedure that involves fusing together two or more vertebrae in the spine using either bone grafts or metal rods (Harrington rods). This procedure may be used to correct kyphosis or scoliosis. It is also used in those who require spine stabilisation due to vertebral damage from ruptures discs, fractures, osteomyelitis, osteoarthritis or tumour. (27 Sep 1997) |
| enamel rod inclination | The direction of the enamel rods with reference to the outer surface of the enamel of a tooth. (05 Mar 2000) |
| enamel rod sheath | Organic covering of the individual enamel rod. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bufadienolides (two double bonds) | Bufatrienolides (three double bonds), etc; they have varying numbers of hydroxyl groups at positions 3, 5, 14, and 16, and these may be further substituted. For structure, see steroids. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bufenolides (one double bond) | (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbon-carbon double bond isomerases | <enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze the shifting of a carbon-carbon double bond from one position to another within the same molecule. Registry number: EC 5.3.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, double-stranded | RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| conjugated double bonds | Two or more double bond separated by each single bond. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial | <statistics> A clinical trial in which the method for analysing data has been specified in the protocol before the study has begun (prospective), the patients have been randomly assigned to receive either the study drug or alternative treatment, and in which neither the patient nor the physician conducting the study know which treatment is being given to the patient. (13 Nov 1997) |