| EMM | erythema multiforme major |
|---|---|
| HMC | hand-mirror cell; health maintenance cooperative; heroin, morphine, and cocaine; histocompatibility ... |
| MAC | MacConkey [broth]; major ambulatory category; malignancy-associated changes; maximum allowable conce... |
| MAD | major affective disorder; mandibulo-acral dysplasia; maximum allowable dose; methylandrostenediol; m... |
| MAKA | major karyotypic abnormality |
| leishmania infantum | A parasitic haemoflagellate of the subgenus leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, visceral). Human infections are confined almost entirely to children. This parasite is commonly seen in dogs, other canidae, and porcupines with humans considered only an accidental host. Transmission is by phlebotomus sandflies. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| leishmania mexicana | A parasitic haemoflagellate of the subgenus leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals including rodents. The leishmania mexicana complex causes both cutaneous (leishmaniasis, cutaneous) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous) and includes the subspecies amazonensis, garnhami, mexicana, pifanoi, and venezuelensis. L. M. Mexicana causes chiclero ulcer, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, cutaneous) in the new world. The sandfly, lutzomyia, appears to be the vector. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Leishmania mexicana amazonensis | A particularly widespread form of Leishmania mexicana in the Amazon basin (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and southern Venezuela), where it infects a variety of forest rodents, the reservoirs of human infection. The disease is rare in humans, but the single or multiple lesions, when induced, rarely heal spontaneously; the disseminated form is common, but nasopharyngeal involvement does not occur. The vector is the sandfly Lutzomyia flaviscutellata. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania mexicana garnhami | A subspecies of Leishmania mexicana, found in western Venezuela, causing single or multiple lesions in humans that heal spontaneously in about six months; the probable sandfly vector is Lutzomyia townsendi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania mexicana mexicana | A species described from Mexico, Guatemala, and Belise; agent of a form of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis called chiclero's ulcer, associated with chicle gum and mahogany forest workers. The New World sandfly, Lutzomyia olmeca, is a proven vector of this subspecies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania mexicana pifanoi | A strain of Leishmania mexicana accorded species status by those who consider it responsible for the diffuse or disseminated form of cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is responsible for this condition in Venezuela, where it was described, but it is now recognised that several species and subspecies of Leishmania cause similar disseminated forms of leishmaniasis in widely separated regions (Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, Leishmania aethiopica); absence or suppression of the cell-mediated immune response in the host is also an important factor in induction of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Synonym: Leishmania pifanoi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania mexicana venezuelensis | A recently described subspecies of Leishmania mexicana from Venezuela that causes indolent, nodular, single lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis to develop, sometimes with curable disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis; infection has also been found in equines. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania peruviana | Species of Leishmania found infecting humans in the high Andean valleys of Peru and Bolivia; cause of a distinct form of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis called uta. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania pifanoi | A strain of Leishmania mexicana accorded species status by those who consider it responsible for the diffuse or disseminated form of cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is responsible for this condition in Venezuela, where it was described, but it is now recognised that several species and subspecies of Leishmania cause similar disseminated forms of leishmaniasis in widely separated regions (Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, Leishmania aethiopica); absence or suppression of the cell-mediated immune response in the host is also an important factor in induction of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Synonym: Leishmania pifanoi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| leishmania tropica | A parasitic haemoflagellate of the subgenus leishmania leishmania that infects man and rodents. This taxonomic complex includes species which cause a disease called oriental sore which is a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, cutaneous) of the old world. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Leishmania tropica mexicana | A parasitic haemoflagellate of the subgenus leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals including rodents. The leishmania mexicana complex causes both cutaneous (leishmaniasis, cutaneous) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous) and includes the subspecies amazonensis, garnhami, mexicana, pifanoi, and venezuelensis. L. M. Mexicana causes chiclero ulcer, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, cutaneous) in the new world. The sandfly, lutzomyia, appears to be the vector. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ala major ossis sphenoidalis | Strong squamous processes extending in a broad superolateral curve from the body of the sphenoid bone. The greater wing presents these suraces (facies): 1) cerebral surface: forms anterior third of the floor of the lateral portions of the middle cranial fossa; 2) temporal surface: forms the deepest portion of the temporal fossa; 3) infratemporal surface, forms the "roof" of the infratemporal fossa; 4) orbital surface: forms posterolateral wall of orbit. The greater wing forms the inferior border of the supraorbital fissure, and is perforated at its root by foramina rotundum ovale, and spinosum and the pterygoid canal. Synonym: ala major ossis sphenoidalis, ala temporalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| annulus iridis major | The outer, broader of the two zones of the iris. Synonym: annulus iridis major. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aphthae major | A severe form of aphthae characterised by unusually numerous, large, deep, and frequent ulcers; healing may take as long as six weeks and results in scarring. Synonym: Mikulicz' aphthae, periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens, recurrent scarring aphthae, Sutton's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arteria palatina major | <anatomy, artery> Anterior branch of descending palatine artery, supplying the gums and mucous membrane of the hard palate. Synonym: arteria palatina major. (05 Mar 2000) |